57 While a crime such as murder or shoplifting is a wrong committed against society, a tort is a ______ committed against an individual.
(A) private wrong
(B) civil wrong
(C) public wrong
(D) contradict wrong
統計: A(102), B(420), C(133), D(57), E(0) #2792487
詳解 (共 3 筆)
犯罪如謀殺、入店行竊是對於社會的不法侵害,侵權如civil wrong則是對於個人的不法侵害。
題目翻譯
While a crime such as murder or shoplifting is a wrong committed against society, a tort is a ______ committed against an individual.
雖然像謀殺或商店行竊等犯罪(crime)是對社會所犯的錯誤(wrong against society),但侵權行為(tort)則是對個人所犯的 ______。
選項翻譯
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(A) private wrong-私人上的不法
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(B) civil wrong-民事上的不法
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(C) public wrong-公共上的不法
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(D) contradict wrong-矛盾的不法(錯誤用法)
答案:(B) civil wrong
解釋
這是法律英文的基本定義:
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Crime = public wrong
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犯罪是侵害社會、國家利益,由國家追訴。
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Tort = civil wrong
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侵權行為是民事上的不法,受害人可以請求損害賠償。
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因此:
A tort is a civil wrong.
是法律教科書最標準的定義。
為什麼 A 不選?
private wrong 雖然概念上有時會用來和 public wrong 對比,但正式法律定義是:
A tort is a civil wrong.
考試幾乎都選 civil wrong。
單字整理
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crime:犯罪
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tort:侵權行為
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civil wrong:民事上的不法(侵權)
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public wrong:公共上的不法(犯罪)
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committed against society:對社會所犯
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committed against an individual:對個人所犯
這題記法
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Crime = Public wrong
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Tort = Civil wrong ✅