.IV. Reading Comprehension. 閱讀測驗
【題組】
Railways were the first form of mass transportation and had an effective monopoly on land transport until the development of the motorcar in the early 20th century. Railway companies in Europe and the United States used streamlined trains since 1933for high-speed services with an average speed of up to 130km/h (80mph) and a top speed of more than 160km/h (100mph).
The first high-speed train was the Italian ETR 200that in July 1939went from Milan to Florence at 165km/h, with a top speed of 203km/h. With this service, these trains were able to compete with the upcoming airplanes. In 1957, the Odakyu Electric Railway in Greater Tokyo launched its Romancecar 3000SSE. This set a world record for narrow gauge trains at 145km/h
(90mph), giving Japanese designers confidence that they could safely build even faster trains at standard gauge. Desperate for transport solutions due to overloaded trains between Tokyo and Osaka, the idea of high-speed rail was born in Japan.
There is no globally accepted standard separating high-speed rail from conventional railroads; however, a number of widely accepted variables have been acknowledged by the industry in recent years. Generally, high-speed rail is defined as having a top speed in regular use of over 200km/h (125mph). 【題組】74.What was the driving force for the Japanese to first build the high-speed rail?
(A) To compete with airplane transportation.
(B) To share the train transport loadings between Tokyo and Osaka.
(C) To attract foreign tourists to Japan.
(D) To show off their hi-tech achievement.
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