獸醫普通疾病學題庫下載題庫

Crystalloid

Tonicity

Sodium (mEq/L)

Chloride (mEq/L)

Potassium (mEq/L)

Calcium (mEq/L)

Osmolality (mOsm/L)

Isotonic: 280-310

pH

Normal blood pH = 7.4

Lactated Ringer’s solution

Isotonic

130

109

4

3

273 (pH 6.7)

6.7 (alkalinizing effect, 含 lactate -> 在肝轉為bicarbonate)

Replacement fluids (用於 replacement of fluid loss 最好的輸液）

為 balanced solution，因為含K, Ca

用於代酸、下痢

Plasmalyte-A®

Isotonic

140

103

5

0

294 (pH 7.4)

7.4 (metabolic alkalinizing effect, 含 Mg, gluconate, acetate -> 在肝轉為bicarbonate)

Normosol-R®

Isotonic

140

98

5

0

295 (pH 7.4)

7.4 (acidifying effect)

用於代鹼、低氯 (吐)、低鈉

Normal saline (0.9%)

Isotonic

154

154

0

0

308 (pH 5.7)

5.7 (acidifying effect because of the Cl levels)

Replacement fluids

用於代鹼、低氯 (吐)、低鈉、高鈣, urethral obstruction (高鉀、低鈉、低氯，避開含鉀的輸液 LRS, Norm-R), 寡尿性腎衰竭、head trauma

Dextrose (2.5% in 0.45% saline)

Isotonic

(Hypotonic? Dextrose 代謝快)

77

77

0

0

280 (pH 4.5)

4.5

Maintenance fluids（用於 free water loss）

Dextrose (5%) in water

Hypotonic

0

0

0

0

253 (pH 5.0)

5.0

Maintenance fluids（用於 free water loss）

Hypertonic saline (7.5%)

Hypertonic

1,232

1,232

0

0

2,464 (pH 5.2)

5.2

用於 fluid resuscitation（休克病患）

Normosol-M® with 5% dextrose

Hypertonic

40

40

13

0

363 (pH 5.2)

5.2

只用於 maintenance

Electrolyte units are mEq/L.