7 Which of the following regions is NOT regulated by multilateral conventions?
(A) Seabed, ocean floor, and subsoil thereof beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.
(B) Antarctica.
(C) Geocenter.
(D) Suez Canal.

8 Under Article 39 of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), regarding the duties of ships and aircraft during transit passage, which one of the following descriptions is NOT correct? (A) Ships and aircraft shall proceed without delay through or over the strait. (B) Ships and aircraft shall refrain from any threat or use of force against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of States bordering the strait. (C) Ships and aircraft shall refrain from any activities other than those incident to their normal modes of continuous and expeditious transit unless rendered necessary by force majeure or by distress. (D) Ships and aircraft may carry out any research or survey activities.

9 Which of the following statements regarding archipelagic waters is NOT correct under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea? (A) An archipelagic State shall respect existing submarine cables, laid by other States and passing through its waters without making a landfall. (B) An archipelagic State shall recognize traditional fishing rights of the immediately adjacent neighboring States in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters. (C) In general, ships of all States enjoy the right of innocent passage through archipelagic waters. (D) Aircrafts have no right of passage over archipelagic waters.

10 Regarding the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) of the World Trade Organization (WTO), which of the following statements is correct? (A) The DSB of the WTO was the first mechanism of this kind in the international trade law. (B) The WTO Agreements are the only source of applicable laws for the DSB. (C) The DSB enjoys compulsory and exclusive jurisdiction with respect to the disputes on the WTO Agreements. (D) The DSB is trusted by the majority of the WTO Members. The appeal rate to its appellate body is rather low.

11 Which of the following principles of jurisdiction is NOT usually applied by the domestic courts of a given state in cases involving cross-border telecommunications fraud? (A) Territorial jurisdiction. (B) Universal jurisdiction. (C) Active nationality jurisdiction. (D) Passive nationality jurisdiction.

12 According to the 2001 Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for International Wrongful Acts, which of the following statements concerning the elements of an international wrongful act of a State is NOT correct? (A) A wrongful act is caused by an unlawful act or omission. (B) An action or omission causes a breach of an international obligation of the State. (C) An unlawful act or omission is attributable to a given State. (D) Whether an act of a given State can be characterized as internationally wrongful is governed by both international law and domestic law.

13 Which of the following statements regarding the legal principles of international environmental law is NOT correct? (A) The general obligation of States to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction and control respect the environment of other States was affirmed by the 1996 International Court of Justice in Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons advisory opinion. (B) The Polluter-Pays Principle has been confirmed as a general principle of law by the 1972 Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment. (C) The requirement to conduct environmental impact assessments was affirmed by the 2010 International Court of Justice Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay Judgment. (D) The concept of sustainable development has been applied in general economic and trade agreements.

14 According to Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, which of the following descriptions regarding the U.N. Security Council is NOT correct? (A) For the purpose of humanitarian intervention, the Secretary General of the United Nations may request member states take urgent military measures without the approval of the Security Council. (B) The Security Council shall determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make recommendations, or decide what measures to be taken to maintain or restore international peace and security. (C) The Security Council may take necessary action by air, sea, or land forces to maintain or restore international peace and security. (D) The Security Council may decide to take measures not involving the use of armed force in order to maintain international peace and security, and may call upon the members of the United Nations to apply such measures.

15 According to Article 4 of the Charter of the United Nations, which of the followings is the correct procedure for applying to become a member of the United Nations? (A) By a majority of the General Assembly members present and voting. (B) By a two-thirds majority of the Security Council members present and voting. (C) By a decision of the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council. (D) By a majority of the Security Council members present and voting.

16 Which of the following Agreements is NOT under the World Trade Organization trading system? (A) The Agreement on Trade-Related Currency Swap. (B) The General Agreement on Trade in Services. (C) The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. (D) The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.

17 Regarding the South China Sea disputes, to which of the following courts or tribunals did the Philippines resort in January, 2013? (A) Permanent Court of Arbitration. (B) International Court of Justice. (C) International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. (D) Arbitral Tribunal constituted under Annex VII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

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