第一篇：
Modern chemistry is a field at a crossroads. According to a recent study, 60 percent of Europeans have negative views of the chemical industry. Another study shows that 74 percent of Americans have similar feelings. These results show that people are worried about the harmful effects that chemicals have on people and the environment. Over the last 80 years, chemists have made much of modem life possible, but today we need products that help people without causing harm to the environment or costing too much. In 1998，green chemistry began. Its main goals are to stop new environmental problems and to provide solutions to the problems we already have. In this way, green chemistry offers new opportunities to the field of chemistry. One important goal of green chemistry today is finding ways to stop the world’s dependence on petroleum. Since petroleum is expensive, toxic, and likely to be gone within decades, it is even more important to find safe and clean solutions. In recent years, green chemists have made biofuels from plants and other natural materials. This solution follows several important principles of green chemistry. First, biofuels come from renewable materials such as soybeans and corn. Second making biofuel produces 60 to 80 percent less toxic waste than producing petroleum fuels. Finally, biofuels naturally change into materials that do not harm the environment. For all these reasons, biofuels seem like a good solution.
【題組】44. Which of the following descriptions about petroleum is true?
(A) Petroleum can be safe and clean.
(B) Petroleum can be used up soon.
(C) Green chemists try to improve the use of petroleum.
(D) Europeans depend less on petroleum than Americans do.
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