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IV. Reading Comprehension (10%) Surat is one of the liveliest commercial centers in India. Its factories and workshops produce chemicals, cut diamonds and textiles. The beggars who swarm through other Indian cities are almost nowhere to be seen, making Surat, by many standards, a picture of India’s prosperous future. What is wrong with the picture, however, is apparent to any visitor to the city of 2 million in Guajarat state. Untreated sewage oozes into the Tapi River. Factories billow noxious smoke; rats are so numerous that in late 1994, the plague swept through Surat, causing 50 deaths and threatening a nationwide outbreak. “Surat is the epitome of India’s shortsighted development policies,” says Ghanshyam Shah, director of the city’s Center for Social Studies. “The emphasis is on growth, hoping that the quality of life will take care of itself.” High on the list of problems is water. Rivers are increasingly polluted, and groundwater levels are falling 4 of 5 several meters every year. Deeply bored wells are now used to irrigate more than 30 million hectares. Environmentalists predict fierce competition for the control and use of major waterways. Over cultivation is exhausting the soil, leading farmers to clear more forests – or leave farming and crowd into city slums. Meanwhile, urban messiness is growing. Air pollution in New Delhi is among the world’s worst, and auto sales are nine times as high as a decade ago. Most industrial pollution comes from small factories, which have multiplied from 15,000 to 2 million. That sector has been shielded from environmental regulations by a succession of governments. For centuries the eastern Indian town of Chrapunji, the wettest place on earth, averaged a prodigious 1,200 cm of rainfall a year. Rains still come, but the destruction of pine forests has led to runoff and a water shortage. “If there is no tree,” ponders Freeman Singh, chief of the local tribe, “how will the soil hold the water?” The question echoes across a subcontinent.
【題組】46. The main purpose of the article is to ______________________.
(A) counter rumors
(B) describe a situation
(C) condemn culprits
(D) establish a thesis

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Joyce Lin (2015/05/09)

Surat is one of the liveliest commercial centers in India.

Its factories and workshops produce chemicals, cut diamonds and textiles.

 

lively 精力充沛的；活潑的，輕快的      

變化形形變 livelier liveliest

textile  紡織品；紡織原料[C]

 

The beggars who swarm through other Indian cities are almost nowhere to be seen, making Surat, by many standards, a picture of India’s prosperous future.

 

beggar乞丐，叫化子

swarm　成群地移動（或飛行）

prosperous 興旺的，繁榮的，昌盛的

 

What is wrong with the picture, however, is apparent to any visitor to the city...


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IV. Reading Comprehension (10%) Surat..-阿摩線上測驗