阿摩線上測驗
8. According to Krashen,what are the two ways that linguistic knowledge is internalized?
(A) through LAD and UG
(B) through UG and Monitor
(C) through LAD and Monitor
(D) none of the above
統計： A(37), B(25), C(110), D(22), E(0) #359710
詳解 (共 5 筆)
Universal Grammar Theory (UG) | 1. 1957 Syntactic Structures Chomsky (1980-1990) 2. Marked/unmarked features in languages 3. Critical period 4. Theory is originally based on first language acquisition 5. Closely related to Cognitive psychology principles 6. Language is genetically determined capacity (66-67) 7. LAD with innate linguistic properties (distinguishing speech-non s sounds; organize into system; possible and not possible in the system; construction of system according to ling data of exposition - parameter setting takes place 8. L is formal and substantive universals 9. Core grammar is true for all languages; peripheral gr is unique 10. Interested in competence, but not performance |
Krashen's Monitor Theory
(Input Hypothesis)
1. SLA is very different from other types of learning
2. LAD is used by any age learners when they acquire not learn a language
3. Distinguish acquisition (like a child) and learning (rules)
4. Learning leads to a monitor and acquisition leads to a true proficiency
5. Providing Input is most important part
6. Natural order Hypothesis morphemes are acquired in a specific order
7. Monitor Hypothesis SLA generates fluency, Learning edits and monitors output
8. Input Hypothesis : acquisition happens when i+1, comprehensible and planned input takes place, fluency emerges overtime
9. Affective filter hypothesis: motivation, confidence, anxiety is low
10. Implications for classroom: affective filter is low, class is useful for beginners; optimal input is appropriate to l-ner's level, interesting and relevant, not sequenced grammatically, I+1, off-defensive; error correction is minimal, shouldn't take place simultaneously with acquisition; never force to produce L2 before they are ready to; fluency can't be taught.
