一般醫學題庫下載題庫

由於答案CHOICES 中沒有 hoarseness., 所以選B, 因為: 

Dysphonia is the medical term for “hoarseness” that can further be termed a voice change that is characterized as raspy, coarse, and/or soft.

What are the signs of laryngeal cancer?

Signs or symptoms of cancer of the larynx depend on where the cancer is growing (supraglottis, glottis, or subglottis). Patients with glottic cancer, or cancer that grows on the vocal cords, often present with the early sign of hoarseness. This occurs because even a slight interference with the vibrating function of the vocal cords can produce voice changes. If you have any hoarseness or voice changes you should contact your provider. If hoarseness is ignored or if advanced disease occurs, airway obstruction, pain, or difficulty swallowing can result.

Supraglottic cancers usually do not produce early signs or symptoms, so supraglottic cancers are more often in advanced stage upon diagnosis. Hoarseness can also occur with supraglottic cancer, though usually after the cancer has progressed. Also, in patients with supraglottic cancer, voice changes referred to as "hot potato voice" can occur. This can be described as the type of voice someone would speak in if they had a piece of hot food (potato) in their mouth. In addition to voice changes, patients can also present with pain, problems swallowing, or even ear pain, which can result from the involvement of nerves in the throat by the tumor. Supraglottic cancers often spread to lymph nodes in the neck, and many patients notice a lump in the neck as the first sign of cancer. Any lump or bump in the neck that does not go away within a few days should be evaluated by a medical provider.

Subglottic cancers are fairly rare and often don't have any early symptoms. Therefore, they also present in more advanced stages and patients can have signs of disease similar to that of supraglottic cancers.

Again, these signs and symptoms are nonspecific and could represent a variety of different conditions-both benign and malignant. However, if you have any of these symptoms, especially if they are longstanding or if you are a smoker, you should see your provider.