II. Cloze: Choose the best answer for each blank. (20%)
Passage A
Amphibians are ectothermic. That is, they depend on external heat 11 . such as the sun, to raise
their body temperature. Most amphibians spend the early part of their lives in water and the adult part on
land. During the early, 12 period, amphibians use gills for respiration. Later on land, most breathe
through lungs. Amphibians can also absorb oxygen through their skin, which is generally smooth, moist, and
scaleless. In most species of salamanders, the lungs do no function. All respiration is through the skin and the
mucous membranes of the mouth.
Amphibian 13 are well developed. Frogs and toads have excellent sight and depend on their eyes
to find food. Salamanders have good eyes and also keen smell. When they hunt for food, they use both sight
and smell. For the burrowing life of caecilian, good eyesight is not a necessity. They hunt mainly by smell.
They have two tentacles, or feelers, near the mouth. As they move through the ground, the tentacles pick up
food 14 .
Young amphibians vary in their diets. Some eat mainly plant materials. Others eat a mixture of plant and
animals. Adult amphibians, 15 , are almost entirely meat eaters and make insects the bulk of their diet.
【題組】11. (A) exchangers (B) sources (C) influxes (D) extinguishers
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