IV. Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41-50..-阿摩線上測驗
Celeste 小五下 (2024/08/18): 根據這段文字,最適合的標題應該是 (C) Roman Civilization: Cohesion, Control, and Greco-Roman Cultural Heritage。這段文字討論了對羅馬文明的不同態度,並提到羅馬在某些方面是希臘的延續者和模仿者,這與選項 C 中提到的「羅馬文明的凝聚力、控制力和希臘-羅馬文化遺產」相符。尤其倒數第二段有說Rome's debt to Greece was enormous. The Romans adopted Greek religion and moral philosophy. In literature, Greek writers were consciously used as models by their Latin successors. It was absolutely accepted that an educated Roman should be fluent in Greek. In speculative philosophy and the sciences, the Romans made virtually no advance on early achievements.翻譯:希臘對羅馬的恩情是巨大的。羅馬人採用了希臘的宗教和道德哲學。在文學方面,希臘作家被拉丁繼承者有意地用作榜樣。受過教育的羅馬人應該流利地說希臘語是絕對被接受的。在思辨哲學和科學方面,羅馬人幾乎沒有在早期成就上取得進展。 這段文字表達了羅馬在很大程度上傳承了希臘文化。羅馬人不僅採用了希臘的宗教和道德哲學,還在文學、語言、思辨哲學和科學等方面受到了希臘的深遠影響。這顯示了希臘文化對羅馬文明的巨大影響和貢獻。 文章提到羅馬的凝聚力和控制力的部分是: "There is a quality of cohesiveness about the Roman world that applied neither to Greece nor perhaps to any other civilization, ancient or modern. Like the stones of a Roman wall, which were held together both by the regularity of the design and by that peculiarly powerful Roman cement, so the various parts of the Roman realm were bonded into a massive, monolithic entity by physical, organizational, and psychological controls. The physical bonds included the network of military garrisons, which were stationed in every province, and the network of stone-built roads that linked the provinces with Rome. The organizational bonds were based on the common principles of law and administration and on the universal army of officials who enforced common standards of conduct. The psychological controls were built on fear and punishment-on the absolute certainty that anyone or anything that threatened the authority of Rome would be utterly destroyed." 這段文字詳細描述了羅馬世界的凝聚力和控制力,包括物理上的軍事駐軍網絡和石砌道路網絡,組織上的法律和行政原則,以及心理上的恐懼和懲罰。這些都表明了羅馬文明的凝聚力和控制力。 A錯文章主要在說羅馬和希臘文化各自擅長的部分,還有羅馬希臘文化的演變以及兩者文化交互影響不是說羅馬軍事上的優勢 至於為什麼 (B) 是錯誤的:Rome's debt to Greece was enormous.羅馬是希臘文化的傳承者,而不是夥伴關係partnership。雖然文章確實討論了希臘對羅馬文學和哲學的影響,但它也涵蓋了宗教、道德和科學。這段文章強調了羅馬作為希臘文化「延續者」的角色,是垂直傳承不是平行交流,不是partnership。partnership夥伴關係意味著更平等的交流或合作,而文章並沒有明確表達這一點。
選項 D:希臘文明的衰落和羅馬的崛起
雖然羅馬最終成為了主導力量,但文章強調羅馬對希臘文化和知識的高度依賴,而不是希臘文明的衰落和隨後羅馬的崛起,表明了一種強烈的連續性而不是轉變。
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