三、請敘述「絞纜機（Winch）」之基本功能。絞纜機之型式可分為水平式與垂直式，其 使用之場合與時機為何？（20 分）

一、請繪圖說明「自力式減壓閥（Self-reducing valve）」之構造與工作原理。（20 分）

二、管路彎製後之失圓程度如何計算？請繪圖說明之。另外，亦請說明管子經彎製完成 後之管路的表面處理方式。（20 分）

四、請說明冷凍系統中「油分離器（Oil separator）」之裝設位置及目的為何？繪圖說明三 種常見油分離器之構造。（20 分）

五、請將下列英文譯成中文。（20 分） To ensure trouble-free operation of water-tube boilers the feed water must be of high quality with a minimal solid content and an absence of dissolved gases. Solids are deposited on the inside surfaces of steam generating tubes, as the water boils off, and the scale so formed causes overheating and failure. Dissolved gases tend to promote corrosion. Distilled water used as boiler feed has a great affinity for gases in the atmosphere. Chemical treatment is aimed at preventing corrosion problems but the boiler closed feed system must play its part in maintaining minimal contact between feed water and air at every stage and in promoting the dissociation and removal of any air or other gases.

五、請將下列英文翻譯成中文。 （20 分）The Port State Control Officer (PSCO) ensures compliance with Annex I of MARPOL 73/78 by assessing oil residues, sludge and bilge water holding tanks, and the efficiency of the oily water separator. The PSCO reviews the Oil Record Book to verify proper disposal and usage of reception facilities, noting any inadequacies. Ships must maintain improved sludge systems to store and dispose of oil residues in line with international standards. The PSCO checks the effectiveness of onboard oil filtering systems and related equipment for compliance. The inspection now includes automated monitoring systems to track oil discharges and sludge processing in real time. By enforcing these regulations, authorities aim to protect marine ecosystems and promote sustainable maritime operations.

四、以主機缸套冷卻水作為加熱海水淡化裝置的工作流體，請詳述在啟動和停用時，主機工作系統應特別注意那些問題？（20 分）

三、請詳述造成空氣壓縮機（Air Compressor）的出口排氣溫度過高的原因為 何？（20 分）

二、船用泵（Pump）是屬於流體機械（Fluid Machinery）的一種，其中離心泵 （Centrifugal Pump）廣泛使用於輪船機艙中，請以流量（Flow Rate）與揚程（Head）試述離心泵的結構種類和適用的工作場域。（20 分）

一、伯努利方程式（Bernoulli’s Equation, BE）與雷諾數（Reynolds Number, Re） 為兩個應用流體力學的重要內容，請分別詳述 Re 所代表的物理意義和 BE 的基本原理並分析討論其流體流動時兩者之間的關聯性。 （20 分）

五、請將下列專業英文翻譯成中文。（20 分）Controllable pitch propellers are normally fitted to a flanged tail shaft as the operating mechanism is housed in the propeller boss. As its name implies, it is possible to alter the pitch of this type of propeller to change ship speed or to adjust to the prevailing resistance conditions. This change in pitch is effected by rotating the blades about their vertical axes, either by hydraulic or mechanical means. A shaft generator can be driven at constant speed while allowing at the same time a change of ship’s speed through the propeller. Since it is normally possible to reverse the pitch completely, this type of propeller is used with a unidirectional engine to give full ahead or astern thrust, when maneuvering.

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