三、Short Essay Writing：（20 分）

Trade protectionism, characterized by the imposition of tariffs, quotas, or other barriers to restrict imports, exerts substantial impacts on the global economy, markets and international trade. In the first paragraph, explicate the concept of trade protectionism, offering a clear definition and explanations and discussing the purposes. In addition, provide a real-world example of trade protectionism. In the second paragraph, explore and discuss the impacts of trade protectionism on the economy and industry of our nation.

一、Translate the following English passage into Chinese：（15 分）       India has emerged as the next hub for footwear manufacturing. It is the second largest producer and consumer of footwear in the world after China. The sector is a high employment generating industry offering jobs to more than 4 million people. It has emerged as a Champion Sector under the Prime Minister’s Make-in-India drive. The exports of footwear from India in the period April 2020-February 2021 accounted for nearly 45.82% of the total exports of leather, footwear, and leather products.       Two leading footwear contract manufacturers namely Feng Tay Enterprises and Apache Group are already present in India and are undergoing expansion in the country. These companies are facing success in India which acts as a testimony to the good investor climate in India.       The Government of India is working towards enhancing the footwear industry. Key initiatives such as the launch of the Development Council for Footwear and Leather industry has been established for the implementation of promotional and development measures for growth of the labor-intensive footwear industry.

二、Translate the following Chinese passage into English：（15 分）財政部關務署說明，自民國 112 年 1 月 1 日起至 7 月 31 日止，海關查獲 旅客攜帶未經檢疫豬肉及豬肉製品 469 公斤，菸 13,980 條、酒 279 公升。 桃園國際機場亦查獲 6 起出境旅客攜帶黃金出境至日本、韓國及美國等地，因未向海關申報，遭裁處罰鍰案件，查獲黃金價值約新臺幣 900 萬元。財政部關務署最後提醒，為避免受罰，旅客如有應申報事項，請務必主動向海關誠實申報，以保障自身權益。如對所攜帶行李物品應否申報存有疑義時，可至海關出境服務檯或入境紅線檯洽詢，或至財政部關務署官網／旅客通關專區查詢。 

三、英文作文：        Please use 250-300 words to describe the specific applications of artificial intelligence in customs operations, and analyze its advantages, disadvantages, and future challenges.

二、中譯英：請將下列中文段落譯成英文。       我國防制人口販運工作包含追訴、保護、預防及夥伴四個面向，結 合民間資源及國際合作，強化犯罪預防、對犯罪被害人的保護及加害人 的追訴。因此，美國國務院今年 9 月份公布的全球防制人口販運報告， 連續 16 年將臺灣列為最高的第一級。但報告也指出臺灣當局調查的案 件數較少、起訴的嫌疑人數量也較少，且未完全落實受害者辨識程序。

一、英譯中：請將下列英文句子譯成中文。       Taiwan will continue to face uncertainties caused by the United States’ tariff policies, the central bank said recently, but that did not stop it from raising its forecast for Taiwan’s 2025 gross domestic product growth. If the U.S. were to impose import duties on semiconductors and other tech products, affecting global supply chains, electronic product prices would rise and eventually squeeze Taiwan’s exports. That would hurt Taiwan, given that the electronics sector serves as the backbone of the country’s growth.        Given the risk of inflation, the preferential tariffs and taxes have been extended to March next year to boost consumer purchasing power and lower the business sector’s operating costs. The Ministry of Economic Affairs has been tasked with continuing to negotiate with business associations and individual companies to adjust product prices in response to the latest round of preferential tariffs and taxes, thereby allowing consumers to benefit from the government’s policy.

(二) Since Russia's invasion of Ukraine, major countries have tightened sanctions and export controls against Russia. The Ministry of Economic Affairs has repeatedly announced a list of high-tech goods subject to export controls, aligning the scope of controls with that of the European Union. To help our machinery manufacturers diversify their export markets, the Export-Import Bank of ROC provides machinery export loans, offers funding and interest rate discounts, and subsidizes manufacturers' participation in overseas exhibitions.

 (一) To combat the transshipment of Mainland China exports through Taiwan under false "Made in Taiwan" labels to evade additional U.S. tariffs, the Customs Administration has enforced a three-level defense system: pre- clearance verification of origin documents, rigorous inspection of origin labeling during transit, and strict post-violation penalties. Continuous improvements to enforcement measures are underway to strengthen border security and uphold trade integrity.

(四)先估後驗

(三)從量稅

(二)推廣貿易服務費

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