申論題

二、申論題(每小題25分,共75分):
 (一)以下内容節錄自一本書請解釋其內容,並提出你對本文所涉及之教育議題的看法。
 The Assessment Reform Group--a group dedicated to ensuring that assessment policy and practice are informed by research evidenceㅡacknowledged the power that assessment had to influence learning, both for good and for ill, and proposed seven precepts that summarized the characteristics of assessment that promotes learning:
 1. It is embedded in a view of teaching and learning of which it is an essential part;
2. It involves sharing learning goals with pupils;
 3. It aims to help pupils to know and to recognize the standards they are aiming for;
4. It involves pupils in self-assessment;
 5. It provides feedback which leads to pupils recognizing their next steps and how to take them;
6. It is underpinned by confidence that every student can improve;
7. It involves both teacher and pupils reviewing and reflecting on assessment data (Broadfoot et al., 1999, p. 7).