【非選題】 八 、In 1888, German agricultural chemists Hermann Hellriegel and Hermann Wilfarth
discovered that root nodules can convert nitrogen from the air into ammonia. Root nodules
are specialized structures formed by leguminous plants to facilitate nitrogen fixation by
nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Certain species of cyanobacteria, such as Anabaena spp.(念珠藻),
can also perform nitrogen fixation, but they do so through heterocysts instead of forming root
nodules. As a result, cyanobacteria like Anabaena can carry out nitrogen fixation
independently and live autonomously. (1) Why do symbiotic rhizobium bacteria in legumes'
roots need to carry out nitrogen fixation? (2) Why can heterocysts of cyanobacteria perform
nitrogen fixation independently? 10%
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