申論題

1. 請將以下短文翻譯成中文。(50%)
Transfers in large multimodal public transport networks are almost inevitable. One or more transfers are made for trips in many of the major cities around the world: 30% of trips in London, 80% in New York, 70% in Munich, 40% in Paris and 50% in Melbourne. However, public transport users often link transfers with inconvenience. Inconvenient interchanges can disrupt passengers' travel giving a negative travel experience and reduce public transport's competitiveness as compared to the car which provides a door-to-door service. For example, passengers, particularly commuters and business users, would prefer to select fast and direct routes for their journeys. An assessment of public transport transfer options and suggestions for the improvement of interchange within large multimodal networks can not only improve the quality of public transport but will enlarge its network effects.