申論題

1. 請將以下論文摘要(包含標題)翻譯成中文。(50%)
An Integrated Outbound Logistics Model for Frito-Lay Company: Coordinating Aggregate-Level
Production and Distribution Decisions
In this paper, we describe research to improve Frito-Lay Company's outbound supply chainactivities by simultaneously optimizing its inventory and transportation decisions. Motivated byFrito-Lay Company's practice, we first develop a mixed-integer programming formulation from whichwe develop a large-scale, integrated multiproduct inventory and vehicle-routing model with explicit (1)inventory holding costs, truck loading and dispatch costs, and mileage costs； (2) production, storage,and truck capacity limitations； and (3) direct (plant-to-store) and interplant (plant-to-plant) deliveryconsiderations. Second, we present an iterative solution approach in which we decompose the probleminto inventory and routing components. The results demonstrate the impact of direct deliveries ondistribution costs and show that direct deliveries and efficient inventory and routing decisions canprovide significant savings opportunities over two benchmark models, one of which represents theexisting Frito-Lay Company system. We implemented our models using an application that allowsstrategy evaluation, analysis of output files, and technology transfer. This application was particularlyuseful in evaluating potential direct-delivery locations and inventory reductions throughout the supplychain.