b. 牆上有一幅張大千的畫。

c.牆上掛著一幅張大千的畫。

1.局長囑咐幾個學校的主管,新學期的工作一定要有新的起色。

2.這是名模林志玲攝於2019年6月的照片。

1. One way to make AI smarter is to have it learn from its environment. Cars of the future, for example, will be better at reading street signs and avoiding pedestrians as they gain more experience. But hackers can exploit these systems with 'adversarial attacks": By subtly and precisely modifying an image, say, you can fool an AI into misidentifying it. A stop sign with a few stickers on it might be seen as a speed limit sign, for example. The new study reveals AI can be fooled into not only seeing something it shouldn't, but also into behaving in a way it shouldn't. (https://www.sciencemag.ory/news/2019/12/watch-ai-goalie-psych-out-its-opponent-most-hilarious-way)

2. Like most robots, social robots use artificial intelligence to decide how to act on information received through cameras and other sensors. The ability to respond in ways that seem lifelike has been informed by research into such issues as how perceptions form, what constitutes social and emotional intelligence, and how people can deduce others' thoughts and feelings. Advances in AI have enabled designers to translate such psychological and neuroscientific insights into algorithms that allow robots to recognize voices, faces and emotions； interpret speech and gestures； respond appropriately to complex verbal and nonverbal cues； make eye contact； speak conversationally； and adapt to people's needs by learning from feedback, rewards and criticisms. (https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/social-robots-play-nicely-with-others./)

3. A bit more on 'multidimensional analysis," for the curious. The goal of this method is to model stylistic variation in a database of text. To do that, a computer program takes a large amount of text data and figures out which of dozens of grammatical structures-like types of verbs, questions, superlatives, and plenty more---are most common in each of the individual texts dataset. Finally, the analysis identifies patterns across groups of grammatical forms, which taken together can group the texts into different "'dimensions." Looking at the dimensions that account for the biggest variation in grammar within the dataset can explain the differences in style over time.  (https://qz.com/1153080/trump-tweets-analyzed-by-linguists-reveal-five-characteristics/)

4.語言是人類藉以表情達意,相互溝通的工具。語言學是以科學的方法研究語言的學問,是研究語言 的各個方面,像是音韻、構詞、語法、詞義等,而科學的方法是系統的方法,研究的内容是實證科 學,而非抽象虛擬的內容。 (http://www.airitibooks.com/pdfViewer/index.aspx?PublicationID=P20111110007&IsPreview-truc&Go ToPage=8)

5.一周一次的語言課程,目標並非精進語言,而是透過課程介绍文化,讓小學生認識不同族群的生活方式和文化价值。透過選擇語言必修課程的當下,能了解有各種不同文化的人在這塊土地上生活。 若以國家力量去證明新移民文化的重要,歧視就大幅減少。 (https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/chinese-news-48798125)

1.車行一點半始至,憩一村店,店據小崗,而門下臨蒼碧小畦,中間以花,左望長橋橫 直,直出林表,右望則蒼山如屏,蔥翠欲滴,山下長河一道,直駛橋外,水平無波,瑩潔 作玉色,背望則斜陽反迫,村舍編瓦,鳞鳞咸閃異光,遠望而巴黎城郭,在半雲半霧中 矣。配唐色日:「對此景象,令人欲飽。」 (請改寫成合國中小閱的淺顯格。「配唐色」為人名)(出處:林譯,《巴黎茶花女遺事》,1895)

2.這個冠狀病毒這件事情發生之後,事實上我們市场處這邊,第一時間我們就通知、宣導所 有市場的業者、自治會要做好這個相關的一些..防疫的一些..自主上要注意事項的管理,那 另外我們對一些市集我們也開始進行就是在...進行一些消毒、减菌的工作,我們希望就是 提供消費者一個比较安心的一個購物環境,那希望不要受到這個武漢的影響,因為畢竞民 生必需品還是大家生活都必需的東西,那我們希望說在這個過程當中,大家能夠做好自己 的一個卫生管理,那最重要的就是說我們畢竟..我們市場大部分都是一種開放性的...就是一 個環境,但是我們業者,我覺得我們業者最重要的還是做好自主的一個有關衛生上智慣的 管理,所以我們也宣導希望說所有的業者能夠在這方面能夠加強,特別是我們也提醒他們 說口罩都盡量把它戴起來,然後洗手。那這部分是整個政府來講他們對那個防疫的措施, 算是全民宣導的部分,這些事項我想大家都要去做,特別是強調說大家要常洗手,然後在 出入公共空间的时候,如果必要的時候..就比较密集的地方就要戴個口罩过樣子。那我們 希望說透過這個...不管是我們的業者也好、民眾也好,大家一起努力來共同防治這次這個 疫情這樣子。 (請改寫成正式書面回覆格式。)(出處:某市市場處科長接受现場專訪的逐字稿,回應 主持人提問「市場處對疫情有何措施,又想提醒民眾哪些特別事項該注意」)

110年 - 110輔仁大學_碩士班招生考試_跨文化研究所語言學(華語教學組)︰中文分析#100196

109年 - 109 輔仁大學_碩士班招生考試_誇文化研界所語言學碩士班華語教學組：中文分析#105713