(九)下列短文主要研究當雌果蠅交配兩次時,精子的使用發生偏差的現象。
請以中文摘要此短文,並說明如何引導學生判讀圖 2,以驗證文中的假
設是否正確。(6 分)
When a female fruit fly mates twice, 80% of the offspring result from the second
mating. Scientists had hypothesized that ejaculate from the second mating displaces
sperm from the first mating. To test this hypothesis, Rhonda Snook, at the University
of Sheffield, and David Hosken, at the University of Zurich, used mutant males with
altered reproductive systems. “No-ejaculate” males mate but do not transfer sperm or
fluid to females. “No-sperm” males mate and ejaculate but make no sperm. The
researchers allowed females to mate first with wildtype males and then with wild-type
males, no-sperm males, or no-ejaculate males. As a control, some females were mated
only once (to wild-type males). The scientists then dissected each female under a
microscope and recorded whether sperm were absent from the spermathecae, the major
sperm storage organs.
3. 實驗課時,學生發現某一永久玻片沒有標籤,
其顯微鏡觀察的結果如圖 1。根據圖 1,下列敘述哪些正確?
(A)屬於排泄系統中的微細結構
(B)渦蟲與蚯蚓也具有此構造
(C)由細小的管狀構造組成
(D)光學顯微鏡須放大至 1000 倍才可觀察到
(E)通過此構造的血液多為減氧血。