第三部分:簡答題 (每題5分, 45%)
9. How does the Bohr shift affect deliver oxygen to very active tissue in humans?
8. Garden 1 has 100 individuals distributed among four species: 25A, 20B, 25C, and 30 D. Garden 2 has 100 individuals distributed among three species: 80A, 5B, and 15C. Fertilizers were applied on garden 1, but not on garden 2. Does the application of fertilizers increase diversity? (Explain your answer.)
7. List three characteristics that arthropods have in common.
20. A human who has no access to fresh water but is forced to drink seawater instead will: (A) produce excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to excrete more water but hold back salts (B) passively excrete excess water in order to remove the high concentration of ingested salt (C)release atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to decrease blood pressure (D) risk becoming overhydrated within ten hours
19. Keystone predators can maintain species diversity in a community if they: (A) competitively exclude other predators (B) prey on the community's dominant species (C)allow immigration of other predators (D) prey only on the least abundant species in the community
18. Consider a stable frog population living at carrying capacity in a pond. If an average female produces 5,000 eggs during her lifetime and an average of 250 tadpoles hatch from these eggs, how many of these tadpoles will, on average, survive to reproduce? (A) 0 (B) 2 (C)10 to 20 (D) More than 100
This is a large modal.