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第四大題
請閱讀下列四篇選文，選取其中三篇，設計一題符合學科能力測驗「國語文綜合能力測驗」之混合題組。請依序回答：
甲、《戰國策•齊策•齊人有馮諼者》（節錄）
後，孟嘗君出記，問門下諸客：「誰習計會能為文收責於薛者乎？」馮諼署曰：「能！」孟嘗君怪之曰：「此誰也？」左右曰：「乃歌夫長鋏歸來者也。」孟嘗君笑曰：「客果有能也。吾負之，未嘗見也。」請而見之，謝曰：「文倦於事，憒於憂，而性懧愚，沈於國家之事，開罪於先生。先生不羞，乃有意欲為收責於薛乎？」馮諼曰：「願之！」於是，約車治裝，載券契而行，辭曰：「責收畢，以何市而反？」孟嘗君曰：「視吾家所寡有者！」驅而之薛。使吏召諸民當償者，悉來合券。券遍合，起矯命以責賜諸民，因燒其券，民稱萬歲。……(孟嘗君曰)「以何市而反？」馮諼曰：「君云視吾家所寡有者。臣竊計君官中積珍寶，狗馬實外廄，美人充下陳。君家所寡有者以義耳！竊以為君市義。」孟嘗君曰：「市義奈何？」曰：「今君有區區之薛，不拊愛子其民，因而賈利之。臣竊矯君命，以責賜諸民，因燒其券，民稱萬歲，乃臣所以為君市義也。」孟嘗君不說，曰：「諾！先生休矣！」（396字）
乙、《史記•孟嘗君列傳》（節錄）
孟嘗君在薛，招致諸侯賓客及亡人有罪者，皆歸孟嘗君。孟嘗君舍業厚遇之，以故傾天下之士。食客數千人，無貴賤一與文等。孟嘗君待客坐語，而屏風後常有侍史，主記君所與客語，問親戚居處。客去，孟嘗君已使使存問，獻遺其親戚。孟嘗君曾待客夜食，有一人蔽火光。客怒，以飯不等，輟食辭去。孟嘗君起，自持其飯比之。客慚，自剄。士以此多歸孟嘗君。孟嘗君客無所擇，皆善遇之。人人各自以為孟嘗君親己。…… 太史公曰：吾嘗過薛，其俗閭里率多暴桀子弟，與鄒、魯殊。問其故，曰：「孟嘗君招致天下任俠，姦人入薛中，蓋六萬餘家矣」。世之傳孟嘗君好客自喜，名不虛矣。(254字)
丙、王安石〈讀孟嘗君傳〉
世皆稱孟嘗君能得士，士以故歸之，而卒賴其力以脫於虎豹之秦。嗟乎！孟嘗君特雞鳴狗盜之雄耳，豈足以言得士？不然，擅齊國之強，得一士焉，宜可以南面而制秦，尚何取雞鳴狗盜之力哉？夫雞鳴狗盜之出其門，此士之所以不至也。(103字)
丁、司馬光《資治通鑑•周紀二•顯王四十八年》
孟嘗君聘於楚，楚王遺之象牀。登徒直送之，不欲行，謂孟嘗君門人公孫戌曰：「象牀之直千金，苟傷之毫髮，則賣妻子不足償也。足下能使僕無行者，有先人之寶劍，願獻之。」公孫戌許諾，入見孟嘗君曰：「小國所以皆致相印於君者，以君能振達貧窮，存亡繼絕，故莫不悅君之義，慕君之廉也。今始至楚而受象牀，則未至之國將何以待君哉！」孟嘗君曰：「善。」遂不受。公孫戌趨去，未至中閨，孟嘗君召而反之，曰：「子何足之高，志之揚也？」公孫戌以實對。孟嘗君乃書門版曰：「有能揚文之名，止文之過，私得寶於外者，疾入諫！」臣光曰：孟嘗君可謂能用諫矣。苟其言之善也，雖懷詐諼之心，猶將用之，況盡忠無私以事其上乎！詩云：「采葑采菲，無以下體。」孟嘗君有焉。(307字)
（三）請提供選擇題答案及詳解，非選擇題的參考答案、評分原則及說明、詳解。
（二）承上題，請以您所提出的核心概念設計一題混合題組。題組須包含一題單選題，一題多選題，一題非選擇題。
（一）請寫出您所選取的三篇文章（篇名），並根據所選文章，說明貫穿其中的核心概念。
25. Which of the following statements accurately describe aspects of Tanabe-Sugano diagrams for octahedral transition metal complexes? (A) They plot the energy of electronic states relative to the Racah parameter B (B) They apply only to high-spin d-electron configurations. (C) They can illustrate spin-allowed and spin-forbidden transitions. (D) They are primarily used for predicting magnetic moments. (E) They provide information on ligand field splitting as a function of the ligand strength.
24. Which of the following statements about ligand binding and reactivity in organometallic complexes are CORRECT? Select all that apply. (A) Strong -acceptor ligands, such as CO, stabilize low-valent metal centers by withdrawing electron density from the metal. (B) Ligand exchange in organometallic complexes often depends on the relative binding affinities of incoming and outgoing ligands. (C) In the migratory insertion of CO into a metal-alkyl bond, the metal-carbon bond is formally cleaved during the reaction. (D) Chelating ligands enhance the thermodynamic stability of a metal complex by increasing the chelate effect. (E) ẞ-Hydride elimination requires a vacant coordination site on the metal to accommodate the hydride.
23. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the magnetochemical series and its role in predicting magnetic behavior in transition metal complexes? (A). The magnetochemical series ranks ligands by their magnetic influence on metal ions, which can help predict high-spin or low-spin states in transition metal complexes. (B) Ligands higher in the magnetochemical series always produce stronger ligand fields, which leads to high-spin states. (C) The magnetochemical series is primarily used to determine electronic transitions in metal-ligand complexes. (D) Strong-field ligands in the magnetochemical series tend to produce low-spin complexes with smaller magnetic moments. (E) The magnetochemical series does not apply to determining spin states in metal-ligand complexes.
This is a large modal.
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