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阿摩：珍惜才會擁有，感恩才能天長地久

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【精選】 - 高普考/三四等/高員級◆英文難度:(4001~4025)

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1(B).

Muhammad Yunus earned the nickname “banker to the poor” by giving tiny cash loans to the poorest of the poor in Bangladesh. That simple idea, however, has grown into an international movement. __ 47__ He taught at Middle Tennessee State University before returning to Bangladesh in 1972 to teach economics at Chittagong University. __ 48__ The amount was the equivalent of $27. Two years later, Yunus founded the Grameen Bank to make such loans on a wider scale, mostly to people with no collateral who would not be served by typical banks. __49__ As it spread to other countries, it gave thousands of people the opportunity to pull themselves out of poverty. Yunus and Grameen were jointly given the Nobel Prize for Peace in 2006. __50__
【題組】 47.
(A) Peace can never be achieved unless people find ways to break out of poverty.
(B) Yunus’s home town of Chittagong was part of India until the Partition of 1947.
(C) Mr. Yunus was born in a developed country.
(D) Yunus earned a Ph.D. in economics at Vanderbilt University in 1969

2(B).

Simply defined, ______ is information that has been analyzed and refined so that it is useful to policymakers in making decisions—specifically, decisions about potential threats to our national security.
(A) intelligence
(B) instrument
(C) implementation
(D) improvement

3(B).

I have always regretted not having studied harder at school. I _________ more diligent at that time.
(A)had been
(B)should be
(C)was
(D)should have been

4(B).

underemployment is _______; a physicist working in a customs house is a symbol of national stagnation, not advancement.
(A) ambiguous
(B) demoralizing
(C) optimistic
(D) invaluable

5(B).

10 The study shows that 36 percent of people are obsessed with famous people and tend to ________ celebrities.
(A) despise
(B) indulge
(C) torture
(D) worship

6(B).

9 Many young people are _____ by Lady Gaga’s irresistible charm.
(A) smeared
(B) drizzled
(C) revolted
(D) captivated

7(B).

請回答第 22 題至第 25 題： The life of Levi Strauss is a US success story. A German who immigrated to America in 1847 at age nineteen, Levi Strauss began by selling needles, thread, and buttons in New York. On the invitation of his brother-in-law, he sailed to San Francisco in 1853. Gold had been discovered in California a few years before, and the Gold Rush had begun. The population exploded as more and more people came to try to get rich overnight. Suddenly, thousands of people started mining for gold. Strauss noticed that the miners complained that their pants were always tearing easily and that the pockets ripped apart as soon as one put a few nuggets in them. Levi Strauss saw a business opportunity. He began making pants out of some heavy brown canvas he had brought to use for tents or wagon covers. These new pants were stiff, but they sold briskly. When the original fabric was used up, Strauss went to Europe for more. What he got was a lighter, more flexible fabric from Nîmes, France, called serge de Nîmes. This cloth, which became known as denim, proved even more useful for pants, since it was just as strong but much more comfortable. With indigo, the pants were dyed the familiar blue color. Miners still complained about problems with their pockets. On the advice of Nevada tailor Jacob Davis, Strauss went to a blacksmith and had the jeans pockets reinforced with metal rivets. In 1873, they patented the popular innovation. The rivets, along with the patterned stitching on the hip pockets, became Levi trademarks.
【題組】24 Which one of the following items did Levi Strauss use to solve the pocket problems?
(A)Nuggets
(B)Canvas
(C)Denim
(D)Rivets

8(B).

請回答第 26 題至第 29 題： Venezuela has long been considered a country of extraordinarily beautiful men and women. It has won the biggest number of international beauty awards: 5 Miss Universes and 5 Miss Worlds. In Venezuela, beauty queens are a national obsession. There are beauty pageants in elementary schools, corporations, villages, the military, even in prisons. Venezuelans proudly point out that their country is best known for three things: oil, baseball stars, and beauty queens. Nearly two-thirds of Venezuela’s women and half its men think about their physical appearances all the time. For Venezuelan women, being beautiful is not only desirable; rather, it’s a responsibility. They not only dress up for daily life but also get plastic surgery to have a beautiful body. Almost every Venezuelan woman wants to have surgery and many from poor backgrounds save up for an operation. But one also needs to take classes to be a beauty queen. In Venezuela, there are many beauty schools teaching students to apply the right amount of makeup, pose for a photo, choose the right clothes, walk like a princess, and speak with style. The average cost of such a course is $700, a price many middle-class parents are eager to pay to see their little girls stand out. A school founder denies that girls should value appearance over intellect, saying the culture of beauty integrates intelligence, good manners, a positive attitude, self-confidence, and discipline.
【題組】27 How does the beauty school founder define the culture of beauty?
(A)Inner beauty is as important as physical appearance.
(B)Beauty is something one is born with.
(C)It is intellect rather than appearance that matters.
(D)What nature cannot provide, plastic surgery can.

9(B).

Israeli scientists have germinated a date seed nearly 2,000 years old.

The seed was taken from an excavation at Masada, the cliff fortress where, in A.D. 73, 960 Jewish zealots died by their own hand rather than surrendered to the Romans. The point is to find out what was so exceptional about the date palm of Judea, praised in the Bible for its shade, food, beauty and medicinal qualities, but long ago destroyed by the crusaders.

Dr. Sallon, who runs a project on medicinal plants of the Middle East, said the date palm in ancient times symbolized the tree of life. But Sallon’s co-worker, Dr. Solowey, who is growing the seed in quarantine, said plants grown from ancient seeds “usually keel over and die soon.”

Three date seeds from the Masada dig were found in a storeroom and are presumably from dates eaten by the defenders, Dr. Sallon said.

Dr. Solowey planted the date seeds at the end of January. “It wasn’t a project with a high priority,” she said. “I had no idea if the food in the seed was still good. But about six weeks later, one of these came up.”

Radiocarbon dating showed the seed to be 1990 years old, plus or minus 50 years. So it dates from 35 B.C. to A.D. 65, shortly before the Roman siege.

Dates need to grow 30 years to reach maturity and can live as long as 200 years. It is the female date that is considered holy and that bears fruit. “If it’s a male, it will just be a curiosity,” Dr. Solowey said.

【題組】47 According to the passage, the major purpose of planting the date seed is _____.
(A) to find out how long the date tree can live
(B) to reconstruct the history of the Middle East
(C) to discover the peculiarity of the date palm in Judea
(D) to extract its medicinal elements to cure rare diseases

10(B).

28 A juvenile _____ in the United States is a person who is typically under the age of 17 and commits an act that otherwise would have been charged as a crime if they were adults.
(A)teenager
(B)junior
(C)delinquent
(D)freshman

11(B).

In the cooking show “MasterChef,” the audience remember the big smile that lit up Christine Ha’s face every time she impressed the judges with her bold flavors—and especially when her three-course meal of Vietnamese comfort food won the “MasterChef ” title. What casual viewers may not have realized right away is that the amateur cook from Houston, Texas, is blind. In 2003, Ha was diagnosed with a rare neurological condition that deteriorates the optic nerves and spinal cord. By 2007, Ha had lost most of her vision. But she had regained her love of reading, with help from the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS). “NLS reignited my love for literature. It was what kept me sane when I went through the challenging treatment,” says Ha. “When I went through some of my worst health issues—complete paralysis from my neck down due to spinal inflammation, and complete blindness—all I could do was lie in bed and listen to NLS audio books.” NLS, part of the Library of Congress, oversees a free reading program for U.S. residents and citizens living abroad who are blind, have low vision, or cannot hold a book because of a physical disability. NLS patrons may choose from tens of thousands of books and dozens of magazines in audio and braille—including dozens of cookbooks. NLS also loans the portable playback equipment needed to read its audio books. Computer-savvy patrons may access books online through the NLS Braille and Audio Reading Download (BARD) service. Ha, who is pursuing a master of fine arts degree at the University of Houston, always has a book checked out from NLS. Recently she was reading Gail Caldwell’s Let’s Take the Long Way Home in braille. And she is currently working on her “MasterChef ” cookbook, which is set for a spring 2013 release.
【題組】25 According to the passage, which of the following is Christine Ha’s status quo?
(A)She is now a student at the University of Houston.
(B)With improved vision, she is reading books from the university library.
(C)She is in the business of writing cook books for NLS.
(D)A film that is based on her true story is set for a spring 2013 release.

12(B).

In diet-obsessed America, it’s hard to say an encouraging word about lipids—a term biochemists use to include all fats and oils. Yet life would be utterly impossible without them. Cell membranes, as we have seen, depend critically on a two-ply lipid layer to keep out unwanted elements. The insulating sheaths of nerve cells are built from fats, which is one reason why growing babies with rapidly developing nervous systems need a fair amount of fat—and why breast milk contains so much of it. Fat makes up only 12 percent of a newborn’s weight, but increases to nearly 30 percent by the end of a child’s first year. Fats also help generate a number of important hormones collectively called steroids—compounds structurally related to cholesterol—such as estrogen and testosterone. Of course, they also make effective padding to keep you warm and to cover vulnerable body parts such as the kidneys. Although physicians recommend that adults rely on lipids for no more than 20 percent of their daily intake, most Americans eat a lot more fat—chiefly from meat, eggs, cheese, assorted fried “junk foods,” and various plant sources such as nuts, peanut butter, and vegetable oils. Dietitians now recommend that men have 15 percent body fat by weight, and women no more than 20 percent, although social custom has dictated spectacularly different ratios over the centuries. Many cultures have regarded female plumpness as a sign of fertility—for the excellent reason that conspicuous body fat suggests that a woman has a good supply of nutrients to feed a fetus and nurse a newborn.
【題組】39 What do doctors say about our daily intake of fat?
(A) Men should have no more than 15 percent and women no more than 20 percent.
(B) Adults may get fat from meat, eggs, cheese, assorted junk foods, and various plant sources.
(C) The ratios of fat can be altered according to social custom.
(D) Adults should have fat for no more than 20 percent of their daily intake.

13(B).

27 The receptionist at the front desk looked busy; after he stopped to give us directions to the waiting area, he____ doing what he was previously busy with right away.
(A)maintained
(B)preserved
(C)resumed
(D)withdrew

14(B).

47 A: Do you want to go out for dinner? B: Yeap, what would you like to eat? A: How about Japanese food? B: _____. I am crazy about it.
(A) It’s disgusting.
(B) That’s right.
(C) I do, too.
(D) Terrific!

15(B).

1 As Kate gazed at the crystal clear _____, she saw a bird dive into the water to catch a small shrimp.
(A) landmark
(B) frontier
(C) lagoon
(D) limestone

16(B).

144. Seven tenths of the fortune _______ to Mr. Bennet, who inherited it from his father
(A) belong
(B) belongs
(C) is belonged
(D) are belonged

17(B).

788. The thief tried to sneak out of the store, but he was caught _____ by the owner.
(A) by no means
(B) in the first place
(C) on the spot
(D) in the spotlight

18(B).

31 The mother ______the child to sleep almost every evening.
(A)limped
(B)infected
(C) lulled
(D) inflicted

19(B).

Teenagers encounter many new experiences as they face the uncertainties of growing up. Teens seldom survive adolescence without experiencing fears. Teenagers may fear failure. They may fear criticism that their efforts are not sufficient. What’s more, they may fear disappointing others and letting them down. They may fear rejection that prevents them from getting into the college of their choice. They may fear that they are not talented sports players. Some may fear change that disturbs their routines such as changing schools. Many may fear gossip along with rumors that can affect their social lives. They may also fear intimidation of bullies who tease or try to hurt them. There are several strategies teenagers can use to help them face their fears. They can first help themselves by identifying their fears. Fears of the unknown are more difficult to cope with than those that are identified. They should also learn to live in the present and don’t let fears associated with the past or future prevent them from coping with what is happening now. Another effective strategy is to question themselves about what causes their fears. They can also think positive thoughts to help them confront their fears. Teenagers may feel better about their fears by talking with others. Teens can benefit by facing their fears headon instead of running away from them. Finally, teenagers should realize that failure is not the end of the world, which enables them to be willing to take risks. Adolescence is a time of tremendous growth and change that will inevitably cause fears. Teenagers who have a healthy attitude toward fear and do not let their fears dominate their thoughts live happier lives.
【題組】49. When someone suffers “intimidation,” he or she _____.
(A) is threatened by others
(B) wins an election
(C) faces his or her fears headon
(D) is stereotyped as superior

20(B).

請依下文回答第 11 題至第 15 題

Can a building be so ugly that people get angry just looking at it? For years, the Old Executive Office Building (the OEOB) in Washington, D.C., received 11 its share of insults. President Warren G. Harding proclaimed that the building was "the worst I ever saw." Mark Twain described it as the "ugliest building in America." At a 12 of ten million dollars over seventeen years of construction, the OEOB was completed in 1888. For many, it was 13 at first sight. The building was used for many purposes over the years and then fell into neglect.

Then one day in 1974, a college student named John W. F. Rogers was working in the mail room of the White House. He was sent to get a chair in one of the OEOB "storerooms." Rogers thought he had entered "the castle of the Sleeping Beauty." "Everything was 14 dust and cobwebs," he recalled, "and yet I saw beauty." Years later, Rogers became the administrator of the building. Once he was 15 , one of the first things he did was to restore the old "storeroom." It is now the grand White House Law Library!

【題組】15
(A)in mind
(B)in vain
(C)in favor
(D)in charge

21(B).

請依下文回答第 43 題至第 46 題： The technology entrepreneur Elon Musk has recently urged the nation’s governors to regulate artificial intelligence (A.I.) “before it’s too late.” Mr. Musk insists that artificial intelligence represent an “existential threat to humanity,” an alarmist view that confuses A.I. science with science fiction. Nevertheless, even A.I. researchers like me recognize that there are valid concerns about its impact on weapons, jobs and privacy. It’s natural to ask whether we should develop A.I. at all. I believe the answer is yes. But shouldn’t we take steps to at least slow down the progress on A.I., in the interest of caution? The problem is that if we do so, then other nations will overtake us. The A.I. horse has left the barn, and our best bet is to attempt to steer it. A.I. should not be weaponized, and any A.I. must have an impregnable “off switch.” Beyond that, we should regulate the tangible impact of A.I. systems (for example, the safety of autonomous vehicles) rather than trying to define and rein in the amorphous and rapidly developing field of A.I. Here let me briefly present three rules for artificial intelligence system that, I believe, can serve as a basis for discussion about avoiding A.I. harm (see more explications in the following section): 1) An A.I. system must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator. 2) An A.I. system must clearly disclose that it is not human. 3) An A.I. system cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source of that information. The three A.I. rules are far from complete and are introduced here as a starting point for discussion. Whether or not you agree with Mr. Musk’s view about A.I.’s rate of progress and its ultimate impact on humanity, it is clear that A.I. is coming. Society needs to get ready.
【題組】46 What does “an impregnable off switch” (in Paragraph 2) most likely mean?
(A)An unfailing device to halt an A.I. system when necessary.
(B)A fair mechanism to reign in the development of A.I.
(C)An inherent bug in the software that causes an A.I. system to malfunction.
(D)An autonomous airplane that can take off and land in bad weather.

22(B).

36 Miranda left the office and ran out onto the street, ________ a taxi to take her home.
(A) lodging
(B) citing
(C) hailing
(D) dripping

23(B).

37 In today’s global economy, a second language may______ you with the ability to understand the way business is done overseas and maximize your potential.
(A) equip
(B) evade
(C) erupt
(D) exert

24(B).

39 The recently found result stands in sharp__________ to the old one, and further investigation is required.
(A) contrast
(B) expanse
(C) guardian
(D) inquiry