38 In many countries, an unwritten dress code makes it ________ for a man to wear a dark suit and tie to work in company
offices.
(A) momentary (B) mandatory (C) memorable (D) minimal
請依下文回答第41題至第45題： If you spend most of your days sitting at school, work, at a computer or stretched out on a couch at home, you may
be taking up to two years off your life. It is 41 that a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of heart disease, Type 2
Diabetes, cancer and obesity, and can result in early death. Many people think they can make up for sitting around by
walking, playing sports or going to the gym. 42 , this might not be so. A new study just published in the journal
"Annals of Internal Medicine" suggests the effect on our longevity from sitting for long periods of time cannot be changed
through exercise. Even 60 minutes of daily exercise may not be enough.
The study is from Dr. David Alter and his colleagues at Toronto University. Dr. Alter and his team analyzed 47 studies
that 43 different groups of people, who kept notes on how long they sat down each day and how much they
exercised. They found that the most sedentary groups had a 24% increased chance of dying than the 44 sedentary
ones. This remained the case even though those who sat a lot also did 60 minutes of daily exercise. Dr. Alter writes：
" 45 your sit-down time by 2-3 hours each day by standing up at your desk, taking frequent breaks to stretch and
walk, or watching TV on your feet may be better than an expensive, crowded, smelly gym and be just what the doctor
ordered."
【題組】41 (A) an unlikely fact (B) a rare instance (C) common knowledge (D) mixed feeling
請依下文回答第46題至第50題：
A new Japanese study has found that cats match dogs in some memory tests. The study used 49 cats and different
bowls of food, and the result shows that cats can recall memories of positive experiences, such as eating a delicious
snack. The experiment was a test of episodic memory, or memory of past experiences that occur at a particular time and
place. In the experiment, cats were led to four bowls of food, and were permitted to eat from two of them. After fifteen
minutes, the bowls were replaced with empty ones, and the same cats returned to the room in search of food. Here,
researchers found that the cats spent more time exploring those bowls from which they had already eaten than others.
That cats were able to remember “what” and “where” information about the food bowls suggests they have episodic
memory. The researcher said that both cats and dogs may have episodic memory similar to that of humans and that cats
are just as smart as dogs. Still, it’s unclear whether cats can experience past memories as deeply as humans do. “It’s also
hard to know if the cats actually remember the experience of going to that particular bowl, such as the colors and the
sounds,” said the researcher. The study’s results may have many practical uses. A professor from Yale University said,
“It opens the door to new studies examining how long cats’ memories can be, and whether they also remember richer
experiences in their own life as humans do.” 【題組】46 According to the passage, what is the finding of a Japanese study? (A) Cats are proven to be smarter than humans. (B) Smart cats enjoy food in colored bowls. (C) Cats are just as smart as humans. (D) Cats and dogs might be equally smart.
【題組】47 Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
(A) Research on Cats and Dogs. (B) A Study of Cats' Memory.
(C) A Study of Smart Food . (D) Research on Japanese Researchers.
【題組】48 According to the passage, which of the following is an example of positive experience for a cat?
(A) Taking a nap. (B) Playing with a dog. (C) Making a sound. (D) Eating a snack.
【題組】49 According to the passage, which of the following does "episodic memory" refer to?
(A) Experiences. (B) Colors. (C) Japanese studies. (D) Food types.
【題組】50 What does "that" in "... both cats and dogs may have episodic memory similar to that of humans..." refer to?
(A) Research. (B) Memory. (C) Intelligence. (D) Information.
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