請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題 Just as antibody production is connected to both exercise and happiness, so is endorphin production. Endorphins are chemicals—produced in various parts of our body—that are able to cross through the gaps between neurons in order to pass along a message from one to the next. There are many different kinds of endorphins, and much remains to be learned about their different purposes and functions. One thing that is known for certain about endorphins is their ability to make us feel oh-so-good, or the so-called “endorphin rush.” We can see this in the formation of the word “endorphin.” It consists of two parts: endo-and -orphin； these are short forms of the words endogenous and morphine, intended to mean “a morphine-like substance originating from within the body.” When our body is subjected to certain stimuli like sex, exercise, food,or pain, our brain calls for endorphins, and the cells throughout our body that contain them answer the call. When endorphins lock into special receptor cells, they block the transmission of pain signals and also produce a euphoric feeling—exactly like what morphine can do to us. Endorphins act as both a painkiller and as a pleasure provider for our body’s reward system. When we hurt ourselves, we may get a big dose of endorphins to ease the pain. We may also get an endorphin rush from talking to a stranger, eating a satisfying meal, or being exposed to ultraviolet light. Everyone has different amounts of endorphins, and what may trigger an endorphin rush for one person could very well fail to do so for someone else.The satisfaction level of the endorphin rush with which our body is tuned in lets us know we have had enough—and convinces us to do it again sometime soon. Exercise stimulates endorphin production as well, but for a different reason. Some people are probably more familiar with the term “runner’s high,” which refers to the feelings of excitement and satisfaction one sometimes gets when exercising. Researchers have found that light-to-moderate weight training or cardiovascular exercise doesn’t produce endorphins, only heavy weights or training that involves jumping or other anaerobic body moves.When our body crosses over from an aerobic state to an anaerobic state, it’s suddenly operating without enough oxygen to satisfy the muscles and cells screaming out for it. This is when the runner’s high, or endorphin rush,occurs. 【題組】46 Where is this passage most likely to be seen?
(A) A food science textbook. (B) A fashion design website.
(C) A sports and health magazine. (D) A business management report.
請依下文回答第 41 題至第 45 題 Animals and plants can teach humans a lot about design and engineering. As a result, many engineers,scientists, and designers spend time studying them. When they have a problem, __41__ often has the answer. This science is called biomimetics. Bio means “living things” and mimetics means "copying." In other words,scientists—or biomimeticists—study animals and plants in order to copy their design. Velcro is probably the most famous example of biomimetics. Most people have some Velcro on an item of clothing. It was __42__ by the Swiss engineer George de Mestral in 1948. He was walking in the countryside when he pulled a burr off his pants. He noticed how well the burr __43__ his clothes so he studied its design. The result was Velcro, which became an __44__ alternative to the traditional zipper. In conclusion, biomimetics not only has helped to design our world but __45__ many more possibilities. Unfortunately, they might take a long time to develop. This isn't really surprising: It took nature millions of years to design its animals and plants. 【題組】41 (A) author (B) nature (C) culture (D) lecture
4 According to some studies, children with no brothers and sisters are inclined to be________ . They are not able to
acquire the same social skills as children from big families. (A) shy (B) lazy (C) bony (D) calm
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