Television is a major source of news for many people. Media outlets such as TV broadcasting companies  36  professional journalists to supply them with news stories. So, what makes a good journalist? First, a good journalist should get a lot of information about an event or situation. To do this, a journalist usually interviews  37  people. This way, s/he can tell the whole story, and not just one side, or opinion of it. Besides, a good journalist is  38  a breaking news story as quickly as possible. This means the journalist can report the story as soon as possible. In fact, professional journalists often  39  pride in being the first to report a story. A journalist’s job can be very interesting and exciting because s/he often gets to travel around the world. However, it is important to point out that a journalist’s job can also be very dangerous. Reporting a breaking news story often means being in place where there are wars, earthquakes, or tsunamis.  40  the situation around them is crucial for journalists in order to avoid getting hurt or killed. Being a good journalist requires a lot of hard work, an ability to evaluate information carefully, a willingness to take risks.

        London is one of the top travel destinations in the world, but for a first time visitor, navigating this large city can be overwhelming. Using an Oyster card is an easy way to save time and money if you are planning to use public transportation in London. An Oyster card is a blue credit-card-sized contactless smartcard that can be used on every form of public transportation within London, including public bus, underground, railway, and some river boat services. 

        The Oyster card was first issued on June 30, 2003. The name was decided after a lengthy discussion. Two other proposed names were “Pulse” and “Gem.” “Oyster” was chosen because it sounded like a fresh name that was not directly linked to transportation; also, the hard shell of an oyster and the concealed pearl symbolize security and value.But perhaps the best reason is William Shakespeare’s quote “ The world is your oyster,” which means one has the ability and freedom to do anything or go anywhere. So far more than 60 million cards have been issued and over 85%of rail and bus travel in London is paid by using an Oyster card. The card never expires. It can be used after any length of time. Besides, deposits can be refunded on return of the card. 

        The best reason to get an Oyster card is cost savings and convenience. It is cheaper to travel in London with this card than it is to purchase individual paper tickets for each trip. The card allows 40 people to pass through a ticket gate per minute, 15 more than with paper tickets, and also makes boarding a bus three times faster. For London Underground and the railway system, passengers have to touch the card on an electronic reader when entering and leaving the transport system. The reader will show either a green or a red light. The former indicates that you have sufficient credit for your journey while the latter indicates you do not have enough credit and you have to purchase more credit before you can continue your journey. For the public bus service, which has fixed price, passengers only need to touch the reader at the start of the journey when boarding. If you touch the reader again when you get off the bus, you will be charged an additional fare.

   On April 22, 2019 (Sunday), close to 1,000 Uber drivers protested in front of the Presidential Office against the government’s proposed regulation to limit Uber’s business activities. In 41 of the protest, Uber also terminated its service for six hours on the same day. In February, the Ministry of Transportation and Communications（MOTC） announced a draft amendment on Article 103-1 of “Regulations for Automobile Transportation Operators,” otherwise known as the “Uber Clause,” calling for stricter rules that would essentially force Uber out of business. The amendment, if passed on April 26, would require Uber to 42 customers by a minimum of one hour in any given trip, regardless of distance. 43 , the rental car drivers working with Uber would have to return to their vehicle to the rental shop after every ride. According to Uber Taiwan, the amendment will 44 at least 3 million riders and 10,000 Uber drivers. 45 will have to pay for an hour-long fare even if the trip only lasts 10 minutes. Waiting time will also increase significantly since every driver will have to return the vehicle to its “garage.”

   Police career is a profession that demands higher ethical standards than others. It is often said that police officers are like living in a transparent fish tank, being watched all the time. The majority of police officers are dedicated and hard-working, serving the people and doing the right things. All police officers have ideals: integrity and honesty, justice and courage. Yet, sometimes, we heard stories of bad cops doing bad things—bribery, misuse of force, abuse of authority, etc. These are the black sheep that hurt the entire profession and violate police code of ethics. Police officers should never permit personal feelings, prejudices, political beliefs, aspirations, animosities or friendships to influence their decisions. The following Law Enforcement Oath of Honor is recommended by the International Association of Chiefs of Police（IACP）as a symbolic statement of commitment to ethical behavior：

   On my honor, I will never betray my badge, my integrity, my character, or the public trust. I will always have the courage to hold myself and others accountable for our actions. I will always uphold my community and the agency I serve.

   The Oath of Honor’s brevity allows it to be constantly referred to and reinforced during conversations and ceremonies. It is strongly recommended by the IACP that all agencies adopt the Law Enforcement Oath of Honor.

    Spanish and French police    11    a human trafficking ring that smuggled migrants into Europe and the United States, charging up to 50,000 euros per person. A total of 75 suspects were    12    , including 51 in Spain and 24 in France after a two-year    13    investigation. The traffickers provided    14   identities and transport foreign citizens to the United States and countries such as Spain, France, and Turkey. Spanish police    15    81 fake passports from Asian countries such as Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan.

請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題:

 We all think we understand the formula for keeping healthy-- eat right, exercise, don’t smoke, skip dessert. But that picture is vastly incomplete, perhaps fatally so. While our individual health is highly dependent on our daily behaviors, it may be even more strongly influenced by the social and environmental conditions in which we live. Smith, a prestigious doctor, argues that the future of our health, and our healthcare system, depends on growing and supporting a new generation of healthcare practitioners who look upriver at the source of our health problems, rather than simply opting for quick-hit symptomatic relief. These “Upstreamists,” as he calls them, are practitioners on the frontlines of health who see that health (like sickness) is more than a chemical equation that can be balanced with pills and procedures administered within clinic walls. They see, rather, that health begins in our everyday lives, in the places where we live, work, eat and play. Upstreamists — who may be doctors, nurses or other clinicians — know that asthma can start in the air around us, or from the mold in the walls of our homes. They understand that obesity, diabetes and heart disease partly originate in our busy modern schedules, in the unhealthy food choices available in our stores and even in the way our neighborhoods are designed. They believe that depression, anxiety and high blood pressure can arise from chronically stressful conditions at work and home. And, just as important, these caregivers understand how to translate this knowledge into meaningful action.

請依下文回答第 21 題至第 25 題：

 In 1853, a very important book against slavery was written by a woman who hated slavery. Her name was Harriet Beecher Stowe, and the__ 21__ of the book was Uncle Tom’s Cabin. The book quickly sold 100,000 copies; __22__ helped create a wave of hatred against slavery in the North. When __23__ why she wrote it, Stowe stated that she had not written the book. She said, “God wrote it. I merely wrote His __24__ .” Uncle Tom’s Cabin __25__ the start of the Civil War between the North and the South. In fact, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet Beecher Stowe, he asked, “Is this the little woman whose book made such a great war?”

      The linkages between terrorism and organized crime are multifaceted and can manifest themselves in different ways. Generally speaking, terrorist groups and organized crime groups (OCGs) have in theory distinct objectives. Terrorist groups deliberately challenge State authority and seek to produce political change through violent means； their motivations are related to several factors, including, but not limited to ideological ones. OCGs on the other hand typically engage in secret operations so as to obtain a financial or other material benefit while avoiding detection by law enforcement authorities. Rather than aiming to effect political change, the disruption they seek to impose on territories under State authority is meant to perpetuate conditions that are beneficial to their operations.

     In practical terms, the linkages between terrorism and organized crime become apparent most notably in the financing of terrorism. In other cases, these linkages may involve the smuggling of migrants and illicit arms trafficking involving small arms, light weapons and other military equipment, car theft, illicit mineral extraction, kidnapping for ransom, drug trafficking, trafficking in other illicit goods. Instances involving OCGs facilitating the transport of terrorists across borders activities also represent possible scenarios where these two phenomena become intertwined.

     Shakespeare and Company is an English-language bookshop in Paris. It was opened in 1951 and has been a meetingplace for Anglophone writers and readers   41  . Founded by American George Whitman, the bookstore wasoriginally called Le Mistral. In 1964, Whitman renamed his store   42   a bookseller he admired, Sylvia Beach, who’dfounded the original Shakespeare and Company in 1919. Through his bookstore, Whitman endeavored to carry on thespirit of Beach’s shop. 

     From the first day the store opened, writers, artists, and intellectuals were invited to sleep in the bookstore in variouscots that are dotted around the place. These people,   43   as "tumbleweeds," have to promise to read a book a day,help at the shop for a few hours a day, and produce a one-page autobiography. American actor Ethan Hawke is amonga(n)   44   30,000 people who have tumbleweeded at the store--he stayed there for six nights when he arrived in Parisat age 16. 

     Whitman passed away in 2011, two days before his 98th birthday. Now his daughter, Sylvia Whitman, is followingin her father’s footsteps and is dedicated to keeping the spirit of the bookstore   45    . Under her direction, it shouldremain a center for Parisian literary life for many years to come.

Here are the facts: 65 million people displaced from their homes by violence and persecution last year. If it was a country,that would be the 21st largest country in the world. Most of those people, about 40 million, stay within their own homecountry, but 25 million are refugees. That means they cross a border into a neighboring state. Most of them are living inpoor countries, relatively poor or lower-middle-income countries, like Lebanon. In Lebanon, one in four people is arefugee, a quarter of the whole population. And refugees stay for a long time. The average length of displacement is 10years. I went to what was the world’s largest refugee camp, in eastern Kenya. It’s called Dadaab. It was built in 1991-92as a "temporary camp" for Somalis fleeing the civil war. I met Silo. And naïvely I said to Silo, "Do you think you’ll evergo home to Somalia?" And she said, "What do you mean, go home? I was born here." And then when I asked the campmanagement how many of the 330,000 people in that camp were born there, they gave me the answer: 100,000. That’swhat long-term displacement means.

 Shakespeare and Company is an English-language bookshop in Paris. It was opened in 1951 and has been a meetingplace for Anglophone writers and readers   41      . Founded by American George Whitman, the bookstore wasoriginally called Le Mistral. In 1964, Whitman renamed his store   42   a bookseller he admired, Sylvia Beach, who’dfounded the original Shakespeare and Company in 1919. Through his bookstore, Whitman endeavored to carry on thespirit of Beach’s shop. 

 From the first day the store opened, writers, artists, and intellectuals were invited to sleep in the bookstore in variouscots that are dotted around the place. These people,   43    as "tumbleweeds," have to promise to read a book a day,help at the shop for a few hours a day, and produce a one-page autobiography. American actor Ethan Hawke is amonga(n)   44   30,000 people who have tumbleweeded at the store--he stayed there for six nights when he arrived in Parisat age 16. 

 Whitman passed away in 2011, two days before his 98th birthday. Now his daughter, Sylvia Whitman, is followingin her father’s footsteps and is dedicated to keeping the spirit of the bookstore   45   . Under her direction, it shouldremain a center for Parisian literary life for many years to come.

Here are the facts: 65 million people displaced from their homes by violence and persecution last year. If it was a country,that would be the 21st largest country in the world. Most of those people, about 40 million, stay within their own homecountry, but 25 million are refugees. That means they cross a border into a neighboring state. Most of them are living inpoor countries, relatively poor or lower-middle-income countries, like Lebanon. In Lebanon, one in four people is arefugee, a quarter of the whole population. And refugees stay for a long time. The average length of displacement is 10years. I went to what was the world’s largest refugee camp, in eastern Kenya. It’s called Dadaab. It was built in 1991-92as a "temporary camp" for Somalis fleeing the civil war. I met Silo. And naïvely I said to Silo, "Do you think you’ll evergo home to Somalia?" And she said, "What do you mean, go home? I was born here." And then when I asked the campmanagement how many of the 330,000 people in that camp were born there, they gave me the answer: 100,000. That’swhat long-term displacement means.

       The government urged people who are planning to work in Southeast Asia to exercise extra __11__ , as Taiwanese jobseekers were reportedly abused and coerced into engaging in fraudulent activities in Cambodia. Promises of free round-trip tickets, favorable treatment and a salary of more than NT$100,000 per month had Taiwanese __12__ the employment scam. As fraud rings excel __13__ enticing people by promising them benefits that they will never see, anyone could have been targeted, __14__ nationality or background. As for deterrence measures, it is high time for Taiwan to impose stricter laws and harsher punishments for scammers and their accomplices. Most scammers convicted in Taiwan receive jail sentences of less than a year, while money mules typically receive less than four months in prison, and the __15__ rate is high.

       Extreme heat is defined as summertime temperatures that are much hotter and/or humid than average. Heat-related illnesses, 41 heat exhaustion or heat stroke, happen when the body is not able to properly cool itself. In such cases, a person’s body temperature rises faster 42 it can cool itself down. This can cause damage to the brain and 43 vital organs.

       The following are tips for preventing heat-related illnesses:

* Stay Cool Indoors: Stay in an air-conditioned place as much as possible.

* 44 Outdoor Activities Carefully: Try to limit your outdoor activity to 45 it is coolest, like morning and evening hours.

* Know the Signs: Learn the signs and symptoms of heat-related illnesses and how to treat them.