Globalization has led to 16 of drug trafficking. Advances in technology, transport, and travel have added to the efficiency and speed of the global economy. They offer similar efficiencies to the business of trafficking networks. More than 420 million 17 containers traverse the seas every year, transporting 90% of the world’s cargo. Most cargos carry legitimate goods. However, authorities cannot 18 them all. And some are used to 19 drugs. Airplanes, submarines, speedboats, trucks, tunnels — taken as a whole, the systems used to move 20 drugs around the world comprise a network likely bigger than Amazon, FedEx, and UPS combined. This is today’s golden age of drug trafficking.

Recent practices and policies in rich countries suggest that the international mobility of people from poor regions of the globe is regarded as 11 and to be avoided. Stronger border controls have made these journeys increasingly 12 , exposing people to death. Even if they are seldom broadcast, their experiences of 13 are dramatic and distressing. So too is reality that some of them face 14 they arrive in Europe. For those who manage to reach the shores, the response is to block, 15 and eject them through practices that resemble those deployed by the police to punish outlaws and disorderly sections of the population.