請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題 Professor Dr. Juliane House, in her research journal, clearly differentiates between “languages for communication” and“languages for identification” and does not see any threat posed by ELF (English as Lingua Franca) to other national andregional languages. Her point is valid when a Sri Lankan talks to a Pakistani or a Bangladeshi talks to an Iranian, becauseall of the speakers use English as a neutral global language solely for communication purposes. However, the socio-cultural prejudice and superiority of the language may arise when an English person is conversing with a non-nativespeaker. Although the contemporary sway of English language over others is beyond any cavil, based upon the fact thatit is also the language of the Americans, the most developed and influential nation on the global map in the fields ofeducation, economics, defense technology and world trade, the fact remains that the seeds of English language’sflourishing crop were sown by the unjustifiable British colonialism and forced occupation over weaker nations.Moreover, if people living in the developing countries have started believing that their educational, economic and socialgrowth and future prospects totally depend upon developing English language proficiency, I am sorry to say, they arepsychological slaves and under threat. This dominance of language is utterly illegitimate. In relation to the issue, we are,definitely, exposed to the risk of a socio-cultural decline because in the audio-visual labs and libraries of our educationalinstitutions as well as language learning centers, the students are shown English movies, cartoons and TV serials andprovided English storybooks, etc., to develop their listening and reading skills and for building their vocabulary. Nonecan deny the fact that a nation’s literature, folk tales and entertainment media are the most vibrant sources of promotingits cultural norms, moral values and social ethics, and the positive and constructive process of learning a global language.
【題組】49 What is the potential risk in using English as a medium for education?
(A) The decline of a nation’s social and cultural development. (B) The marginalization of children from underprivileged families. (C) The overwhelming frustration for those who have no talents for language. (D) The widespread discrimination against those who cannot master English.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題 Team composition has long been known to play a large role in the effectiveness of teams because it determines theamount of knowledge and skill team members have to apply to the team task—in terms of both task completion andworking interdependently. Although surface-level differences in team composition (e.g., demographics) can affect teamperformance, deep-level characteristics such as intelligence and personality have been found to have larger impacts.Individual intelligence, also called cognitive ability, is the ability to perform cognitive tasks. Individuals with higherintelligence are better able to consistently perform cognitive tasks well. The same ability that enables individuals toperform well on individual cognitive tasks should also be relevant for similar cognitive tasks that are assigned to teams,so they are higher performers in job settings that require cognitive performance. Team output is therefore a function ofthe individual contributions of its members. The effects of personality, on the other hand, can vary depending on thespecific context involved. Often, personality characteristics create patterns of behavior such that people high in a givenpersonality trait tend to behave and respond to others in similar ways. When entering a new team without priorestablished practices, individuals’ personalities will shape their initial behaviors in a new team and how they react to thebehavior of others. The central tendency of members’ behaviors will develop the team’s common behaviors throughshared interactions. For example, if many team members are high in extraversion, initial behaviors are more likely to besocial and gregarious, and the response to those behaviors would be positive, social, and gregarious. The few teammembers lower in extraversion are likely to avoid challenging the emerging central tendency in behavior. Thus, teammean personality traits are highly impactful in forging group norms, shaping subsequent interactions between members. 【題組】46 What is the main idea of this passage?
(A) Team performance can be a joint function of individual’s personality and intelligence. (B) The role of Intelligence outweighs that of personality in predicting team performance. (C) Personality traits are more impactful in determining effectiveness of teams. (D) Successful team work requires more than personality traits and individual intelligence.
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