But so far, government officials, businesspeople, and casino supporters have  30   .   touched on these issues. They are mostly likely aware of these issues, but their emphasis has always been on the benefits — how casinos can boost the tourism industry and the   31  . in general.

        The government may not be interested in the   32   issues, but if gambling is to be legalized, there must be careful planning, strict laws and tight control to prevent casinos from becoming a hub for criminal activities. The government must not take it lightly. Legalizing gambling must not be a gamble itself.68. 

Google has responded to a barrage of criticism that it must do more to tackle online hate by launching a series of workshops for teenagers on how to tackle hate speech and fake news. 

The workshops, called Internet Citizens, will be launched by YouTube, the Google-owned video streaming service, for people aged 13 to 18 in cities across the UK as part of its Creators for Change program. (11) . 

The government pulled advertising from Google and YouTube last month after adverts funded by the taxpayer were placed alongside extremist content on the video site. An influential group of MPs from the home affairs select committee wrote to the company, accusing it of “profiting from hatred” just days after accusing Google, Twitter and Facebook of “commercial prostitution” because of a failure to tackle hate speech on their platforms. The Labor MP Yvette Cooper, chair of the committee, said: “ (12) , media reports had revealed that was not the case.” 

YouTube said the Internet Citizens program would be used to teach skills on how to participate safely and responsibly online, and would include input from the youth mentor Efe Ezekiel. The site’s head of public policy, Naomi Gummer, said: “ (13) . For young people in particular, this sense of vulnerability can be heightened if it’s difficult to judge whether a piece of content is real, especially when something is shared on social media by a trusted friend. That’s why we’re launching Internet Citizens.” 

The curriculum for the program has been designed by experts from the Institute for Strategic Dialogue, the charity UK Youth and the youth marketing firm Livity, and is part of wider plans to tackle abuse online.

 “This is just one part of our commitment to a better web,” Gummer said. “Alongside this, we are exploring more innovative ways to use technology; to partner with experts to help us tackle hate speech online. (14) . We’ll share more updates on these areas in the coming weeks.”

 UK Youth’s chief executive, Anna Smee, said: “Young people in the UK spend more time online than ever before. (15) . However, we must also support them to manage the negative effects. Through Internet Citizens, UK Youth is empowering young people to express themselves, have a voice, listen to others and ultimately gain a sense of belonging by discovering the skills needed to act safely and responsibly online, and make the internet a positive place.” 

(A) Despite reassurances during a committee hearing that the companies did not allow hate speech or terrorist content to be monetized 

(B) Also, we are taking a hard look at our policies around offensive content 

(C) They are intended to raise awareness around issues such as tolerance, empathy and abuse online

 
(D) In this complex world, there is an urgent need to help young people embrace the positive aspects of connectivity 

(E) Nearly all of us would have come across comments or content online that shocked or even offended us, sometimes leaving us feeling isolated or powerless to change the conversation 〈Source: www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/apr/21/google-workshops-help-uk-teenagers-tackle-hate-speech-online〉

(41~46)

     In almost any magazine or newspaper in England, you can

find advertisements for adventure tours to exotic places. These

exciting tours can be bicycling, hiking, or even motorcycle trips

across deserts, over mountains, and around live volcanoes!

Many of these tours are for charity which makes them more

interesting to some people.

    One advertisement offers people a "Bike Ride to Hell and

Back," a 400-kilometer bicycle tour across the lava fields of

Iceland. The advertisement says that the tour is like a ride across

the face of the moon. The organization that put this tour

together is advertising for people who can give time and effort

to raising money for a good cause. For their hard work, these

people will also be able to take the holiday of a lifetime.

    The first thing that people have to do is sign up for the tour.

The number of people who can go on each tour is limited, and

many tours fill up fast. Those who sign up then have to pay a

deposit in order to hold their space on the tour. People cannot

get their money back later if they change their mind, so they had

better be sure they really want to go. The deposit is usually

between£50-250.

    Next, each person must raise a minimum amount of

money for the charity. This money could be anywhere between

£1500,-2500. In order to raise this much money, some people

send letters to friends and relatives asking for help. Other people

have big parties where all of the guests must pay to come to the

party. One farmer even divided up his field into one meter

squares to raise money. People could buy one square of the field

for£1 each. Then the farmer let his cow walk across the field.

Whoever bought the square where the cow dropped its first

''cow patty" won a prize. Surprisingly, the majority of people

who go on the adventure tours end up collecting more than the

minimum money that the charity asks for.

    Some people see a problem with this system of raising

money for charities. They think that it is wrong for part of the

money that people collect to be used to pay for someone’s

holiday. However, charities try to keep the overall cost of the

tours low so that at least 60 or 70% of the money which is raised

goes to the charity. One charity said, "We expect to make an

average profit of £50,000 per trip." This charity typically runs

between 10 to 15 tours each year.

    Do people really want to spend their holiday doing

something like bicycling for 400 kilometers when they could be

resting on a beach? These tours are not for everybody. But the

people who sign up for them all agree that it is a great

experience. After hiking across the Namib Desert, a young

construction worker from London cried as he hugged all of the

other people who had been on the tour with him. Everyone

cried. Most of them never thought that they could take part in

an adventure like that. They had not only finished a difficult hike,

but they had done it for someone else, for the charity.

   Anna Sui, a well-known international fashion designer, has showed great passion for fashion since she was very young. She was born in 1955 and grew up in Detroit. Her parents are Chinese immigrants and she has an elder brother and a younger brother. Being a great designer has long been her ultimate dream. 

  She moved to New York City to attend Parsons School of Design after graduating from high school in Detroit. After completing her studies at Parsons, Sui worked for a variety of sportswear companies. In 1980, she presented six original pieces and immediately received orders from Macy’s in New York, a top fashion store. In 1991, she debuted a runway show. Her collection was a tremendous hit at that time and it gave her more confidence in her future career. In 1992, she opened her first boutique in that city’s SoHo District. Not surprisingly, this store reflected Sui’s distinct taste. 1993 was an important milestone in Sui’s career, as she won the prestigious CFDA Perry Ellis Award for New Fashion Talent. 

   In an interview with a fashion magazine journalist, she expressed her philosophy that “fashion is an interpretation of things past, but is always done in a new way.” Her designs are unique, combining high fashion modern approaches with an oldfashioned sensibility. Her style has been described as fashionably goth. Many fashion experts find it edgy and attractive, with a sense of hippie appeal. 

   Anna Sui, a living and inspiring success story in New York, encourages people to focus on their dreams, no matter how big those dreams might be. “How could a young girl from the suburbs of Detroit like me become a success in New York? It was always that dream,” She says. It’s an open secret that her passion for rock and roll makes her works perfect for a rock and roll superstar and each season everyone eagerly awaits her runway soundtrack. Many celebrities like Patricia Arguette, Cher, Sofia Coppola are her clients. Her creations continue to have a great impact on trends and inspire designers everywhere.

 In October 1887, the steamer Vernon set sail from Michigan toward Chicago with about 50 people on board. Likely overloaded with cargo, she never made it.   24   In decades of Great Lakes shipping, more than 2,000 commercial vessels sank while traversing Lake Michigan’s waters.

Last summer, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) announced it had designated 962 square miles of the lake as a national marine sanctuary. The Wisconsin Shipwreck Coast National Marine Sanctuary contains the remains of 36 known shipwrecks, including the Vernon, and up to 59 potential shipwrecks that have yet to be discovered.   25   Researchers, shipwreck enthusiasts and coastal community leaders hope that the new sanctuary will spark renewed public interest not just in the wrecks themselves but in the waterways that made them. “For almost all of human history, the world has been connected by water, really, and separated by land,” said Russ Green, NOAA’s regional coordinator. “This is what makes the Great Lakes so special.” The Vernon sank in deep water, and it was not until the summer of 1960 that John Steele and Kent Bellrichard discovered the wreck. Steele and Bellrichard hunted shipwrecks, using surplus military sonar technology, said Brendon Baillod, a maritime historian. They found the Vernon under about 200 feet of water, well preserved by the lake’s cool, fresh water.   26   Ships on the Great Lakes sailed loaded with iron, grain, lumber and coal, often into the late fall and winter, without modern navigation technology or weather forecasting. Some, like the Vernon, carried passengers. “Sailing was even riskier,” said Baillod. He estimates around 50,000 sailors died in the Great Lakes between 1850 and 1900.   27   But sailors were admired for their bravado, and they got paid in cash.