第 43 題至第 46 題為篇章結構，各題請依文意，從四個選項中選出最合適者，各題答案內容不重複
Before the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing took place, several athletes had faced charges of
taking substances banned by the International Olympic Committee. 43 Far from quelling such practices, the advent of
drug testing in sports in the late 1960s stimulated an arms race between regulators and the cheats.
Today, some athletes and their coaches continue to risk their reputation, and sometimes the athletes’ long-term health, for
the chance to dope undetected. 44 The latest drugs are designed with testing in mind, so that they either clear from the
body quickly or do not produce the tell-tale metabolite spikes in blood and urine samples. As a result, the testing labs must also
push to stay one step ahead of the cheats.
Donald Berry, a biostatistician, summarizes what he sees as problems with the way doping tests are conducted.
45 The ability of an anti-doping test to detect a banned substance in an athlete is calibrated in part by testing a small number of
volunteers taking the substance in question. But Berry says that individual labs need to verify these detection limits in larger
groups that include known dopers and non-dopers under blinded conditions that mimic what happens during competition.
46 Only by publishing and opening to broader scientific scrutiny the methods by which testing labs engage in study
may the anti-doping authorities avoid a sporting culture of suspicion, secrecy, and fear.
【題組】45 (A) He argues that anti-doping authorities have not adequately defined and publicized how they arrived at the criteria used
to determine whether or not a test result is positive.
(B)Some scientists believe that accepting “legal limits” of specific metabolites without such rigorous verification goes
against the foundational standards of modern science.
(C)These were just a few in a long line of cases in which competitors had been accused of using performance-enhancing
substances.
(D)Drug testing should not be exempt from the scientific principles and standards that apply to other biomedical sciences.
39 Ministry of Interior urges people to renew their identification cards in order to be ______ to vote in the
upcoming elections. (A)accorded (B)eligible (C)adjusted (D)eliminated
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