When we discuss contrasting economic systems and principles, we often compare socialism with capitalism. In a capitalistic economy, most businesses are privately owned. Both owners and workers are motivated by profit. In early capitalist countries, the government had little control over private business affairs. This led to problems regarding workplace safety, worker pay, and the environment. In modern capitalist countries, government regulations put many restrictions on business owners.
Capitalist economies have traditionally created major class divisions between the rich and the poor. Socialism aims to eliminate these divisions, although no socialist state has been entirely successful in reaching this goal. In a socialist economy, ownership of capital and distribution of wealth are managed by a centralized government. This is a difficult task because of the sheer amount of work involved in managing an entire economic machine. If a government can provide each citizen with basic necessities, it has achieved its most fundamental task. 【題組】44 In which economic system is the government most powerful?
(A) Early capitalism. (B) Modern capitalism. (C) Socialism. (D) Feudalism.
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