Satellites are made of metal that reflects sunlight. This makes them show up in the night sky as bright, slow-moving dots. After the launch, the Starlink satellites appeared in images taken by telescopes and deep-space cameras as a line of bright lights flying across the sky. Astronomers learn about space by using large telescopes and special cameras to observe light coming from very far away. The information they collect can help them understand things like how galaxies are formed or which planets might be able to support life.

      The stock market boom changed the way investors viewed the stock market. No longer was the stock market only for long-term investment. Rather, in 1928, the stock market had become a place where everyday people truly believed that they could become rich. Interest in the stock market reached a fevered pitch. Stocks had become the talk of every town. Discussions about stocks could be heard everywhere, from parties to barbershops. As newspapers reported stories of ordinary people, like chauffeurs, maids, and teachers, making millions off the stock market, the fervor to buy stocks grew exponentially. 

       An increasing number of people wanted to buy stocks, but not everyone had the money to do so. When someone did not have the money to pay the full price of stocks, they could buy stocks "on margin." Buying stocks on margin means that the buyer would put down some of his own money, but the rest he would borrow from a broker. In the 1920s, the buyer only had to put down 10–20% of his own money and thus borrowed 80–90% of the cost of the stock. 

     Buying on margin could be very risky. If the price of stock fell lower than the loan amount, the broker would likely issue a “margin call,” which means the buyer must come up with the cash to pay back his loan immediately. 

     In the 1920s, many speculators (people who hoped to make a lot of money on the stock market) bought stocks on margin. Confident in what seemed a never-ending rise in prices, many of these speculators neglected to seriously consider the risk they were taking.

       A Chinese-born former Coca-Cola chemist has been sentenced to 14 years in prison in the US for stealing trade secrets for China. A Tennessee federal jury found You Xiaorong guilty of trade secret theft, wire fraud, economic espionage and other charges related to the manufacture of coatings inside drink cans that are made without the use of bisphenol-A (BPA). You allegedly stole the trade secrets to start her own BPA-free coating company in China. But prosecutors said she intended to aid the Chinese government. Stealing technology isn’t just a crime against a company. It is also a crime against American workers whose jobs and livelihoods are impacted. Last year, You was convicted in a 13-day jury trial. As the evidence at trial showed, the defendant stole valuable trade secrets and intended to use them to benefit not only a foreign company, but also the government of China.

        According to court documents and evidence presented at trial, You stole valuable trade secrets related to formulations for BPA-free coatings for the inside of beverage cans. BPA was once commonly used to coat the inside of cans and other food and beverage containers to help minimise flavour loss and prevent the container from corroding or reacting with the food or beverage in it. However, due to BPA’s potential health risks, companies began searching for BPA-free alternatives. You was granted access to the BPA-free compound trade secrets while working at Coca-Cola in Atlanta and Eastman Chemical Company in Kingsport, Tennessee. The stolen trade secrets were the intellectual property of major chemical and coating companies and cost nearly $120 million to develop. You stole the trade secrets to set up a new BPA-free coating company in China. You and her Chinese corporate partner, Weihai Jinhong Group, received millions of dollars in Chinese government grants to support the new company. You was a recipient of grants in China’s Thousand Talents. Prosecutors said she intended to benefit not only Weihai Jinhong Group, but also the governments of China, Shandong province, and Weihai city.

Scientists reported that the human brain is _____13_____ prepared to assist others, including strangers, and that this _____14_____ behavior can be observed in as young as 18-month-old children. Moreover, the latest discovery of mirror neurons in humans _____15_____ the scientists believe that the human brain can affect a person’s helpful behavior. Mirror neurons located throughout the brain can help us feel what others feel and thus make us feel _____16_____. Without them, we would not know or care about other people’s feelings.

Scientists reported that the human brain is _____13_____ prepared to assist others, including strangers, and that this _____14_____ behavior can be observed in as young as 18-month-old children. Moreover, the latest discovery of mirror neurons in humans _____15_____ the scientists believe that the human brain can affect a person’s helpful behavior. Mirror neurons located throughout the brain can help us feel what others feel and thus make us feel _____16_____. Without them, we would not know or care about other people’s feelings.

       While the hat rule certainly feels antiquated, it also begs the question: Why do we do this? After all, there’s nothing about hats that seems inherently offensive. To ensure you’re up to speed on this old etiquette rule, we’ve uncovered the real reason why it’s considered rude to wear a hat indoors.                     According to the etiquette experts over at the Emily Post Institute, the act of removing your hat indoors is a longtime sign of respect. In fact, it probably began with medievalknights. Back in Medieval Europe, any knight who failed to remove his helmet or lift his visor to identify himself could face fatal consequences. Knights also removed their helmets as a sign of vulnerability and trust in churches and in the presence of women and royalty. The rule also has roots in Christianity, as it’s considered customary for men to remove their hats upon entering a church. But perhaps the strictest rules of Western hat etiquette exist in the U.S. Flag Code, which advises men to take off their hats during the national anthem. While the flag code is certainly not a law but an advisory, its inclusion of hat etiquette cements the idea that wearing a hat in the wrong situation is the epitome of rudeness. 　　

       There are a few exceptions to these hat-wearing rules. Men are allowed to keep their hats on at indoor athleticevents, on public transportation, in post offices, airports, hotel or office lobbies, and on elevators. And women are allowed to keep their hats on at all of those places, plus in someone’s home, at luncheons, movies, weddings, garden parties, and even during the national anthem. In addition to removing their hats indoors and during the national anthem, men should also remove their toppers at mealtime and while being introduced to someone new. Nowadays, however, many etiquette experts emphasize the importance of trusting your intuition. If you find yourself in a situation where you aim to show respect to others, then it’s best to avoid coming off as rude and simply remove your hat.

　　The Stanford Marshmallow experiment is a psychological experiment to __(31)__ children’s ability to control their impulses. The idea was to see __(32)__ the difference was between children who managed to control their impulses and those who could not. The results showed that those who succeeded in __(33)__ the immediate temptation to eat the marshmallow were able to perform better at exams and __(34)__ in other aspects of their lives than those who had grabbed the marshmallow directly. The researchers were also able to show that the impulsive group also seemed to suffer more __(35)__ stress and problems in relationship in later life.

       While the hat rule certainly feels antiquated, it also begs the question: Why do we do this? After all, there’s nothing about hats that seems inherently offensive. To ensure you’re up to speed on this old etiquette rule, we’ve uncovered the real reason why it’s considered rude to wear a hat indoors.                     According to the etiquette experts over at the Emily Post Institute, the act of removing your hat indoors is a longtime sign of respect. In fact, it probably began with medievalknights. Back in Medieval Europe, any knight who failed to remove his helmet or lift his visor to identify himself could face fatal consequences. Knights also removed their helmets as a sign of vulnerability and trust in churches and in the presence of women and royalty. The rule also has roots in Christianity, as it’s considered customary for men to remove their hats upon entering a church. But perhaps the strictest rules of Western hat etiquette exist in the U.S. Flag Code, which advises men to take off their hats during the national anthem. While the flag code is certainly not a law but an advisory, its inclusion of hat etiquette cements the idea that wearing a hat in the wrong situation is the epitome of rudeness. 　　

       There are a few exceptions to these hat-wearing rules. Men are allowed to keep their hats on at indoor athleticevents, on public transportation, in post offices, airports, hotel or office lobbies, and on elevators. And women are allowed to keep their hats on at all of those places, plus in someone’s home, at luncheons, movies, weddings, garden parties, and even during the national anthem. In addition to removing their hats indoors and during the national anthem, men should also remove their toppers at mealtime and while being introduced to someone new. Nowadays, however, many etiquette experts emphasize the importance of trusting your intuition. If you find yourself in a situation where you aim to show respect to others, then it’s best to avoid coming off as rude and simply remove your hat.

       A Chinese-born former Coca-Cola chemist has been sentenced to 14 years in prison in the US for stealing trade secrets for China. A Tennessee federal jury found You Xiaorong guilty of trade secret theft, wire fraud, economic espionage and other charges related to the manufacture of coatings inside drink cans that are made without the use of bisphenol-A (BPA). You allegedly stole the trade secrets to start her own BPA-free coating company in China. But prosecutors said she intended to aid the Chinese government. Stealing technology isn’t just a crime against a company. It is also a crime against American workers whose jobs and livelihoods are impacted. Last year, You was convicted in a 13-day jury trial. As the evidence at trial showed, the defendant stole valuable trade secrets and intended to use them to benefit not only a foreign company, but also the government of China.

        According to court documents and evidence presented at trial, You stole valuable trade secrets related to formulations for BPA-free coatings for the inside of beverage cans. BPA was once commonly used to coat the inside of cans and other food and beverage containers to help minimise flavour loss and prevent the container from corroding or reacting with the food or beverage in it. However, due to BPA’s potential health risks, companies began searching for BPA-free alternatives. You was granted access to the BPA-free compound trade secrets while working at Coca-Cola in Atlanta and Eastman Chemical Company in Kingsport, Tennessee. The stolen trade secrets were the intellectual property of major chemical and coating companies and cost nearly $120 million to develop. You stole the trade secrets to set up a new BPA-free coating company in China. You and her Chinese corporate partner, Weihai Jinhong Group, received millions of dollars in Chinese government grants to support the new company. You was a recipient of grants in China’s Thousand Talents. Prosecutors said she intended to benefit not only Weihai Jinhong Group, but also the governments of China, Shandong province, and Weihai city.