Kowloon Walled City, once the densest place on earth, is a gigantic empire of little houses stacked on top of each other. Picture 33,000 people living there, within the space of one city block. This was such a dark city that even police were rumored to be afraid of it. 

        Photographer Greg Girard spent years with lan Lambot to document this unique Hong Kong phenomenon before it was demolished twenty years ago. He recalls how he was amazed at the first sight of it. "It was a huge monstrosity of buildings." The Walled City was a kind of historical accident. It never fully came under the regulation of the British colonial government in Hong Kong. Therefore, its residents were free to buiJd their dwellings as they wished, ignoring safety codes. 

        "Quite often houses were built by building onto the next building, punching out walls to use their staircases," said Girard. "Many of them didn't have access to air or open space, because they were enclosed in the center of the structure." A variety of small businesses flourished deep within the building's darkness. "There were pig carcasses laying splayed out on the floor; it was all pretty open and of course there were no health laws governing the place." 

        "It was a really humbling process for me as a designer — when we met this Walled City, we started to see that people could be more intelligent than us — that they could think of ways to solve problems that are beyond the traditional academic world." Despite the ingenuity of the Walled City, by 1994 it was completely tom down by the city government, which was eager to replace the chaotic and unregulated community with a public park. "Seeing the Walled City fall into disuse was sort of melancholic," says Girard. "Every city realizes too late to start caring about their architectural heritage — it's a mistake that gets repeated everywhere." 

        Tan believes the spirit of the Walled City continues to pulse through the heart of Hong Kong itself. "Go to The Peak and look down upon this amazing collection of buildings coming together ~ it's almost like a blown up version of the Walled City, right?" This organic chaos, he says, has been an inspiration for his own work. "Many architects and urban planners like control," he says. "But people like to get lost in the city. In my design process, I always consciously try to allow accidents, to allow others to participate, to surprise me."

Technology is the center of the entertainment industry. With recent technological advancements in the entertainment industry, companies are forced to change the way they produce, distribute, and broadcast content. Today, shows and movies are streamed on devices ranging from smartphones to televisions. Instead of families gathering in the living room to watch their favorite television programs, each watches their favorite shows on one of their many devices. The popularity of streaming from mobile-devices relects smartphones becoming larger, with more saturated screens. 

  Streaming is at the forefront of the entertainment industry. Entertainment can be streamed anytime and anywhere. Consumers can choose what they want to watch, without the constraint of broadcast television schedules. Inexpensive monthly subscriptions give customers access to libraries of thousands of TV shows and movies, available instantly. A study by the Consumer Technology Association reports that people aged 18-34 spend 55 percent of their video-watching-time viewing content after it has aired on live television. 

  Netflix launched its streaming service in 2007, altering at-home entertainment. It's estimated that Nettix represents around 6% of current American TV viewing. That number is projected to rise to around 14% by 2020, according to Fortune magazine. Disney is set to launch its own streaming app in 2018. Many experts believe that other studios will follow shortly.

   Streaming services introduced fans to entire TV catalogues, leading to binge-watching. Shows are now catered specifically to binge-watchers. Todays' shows have a season-long narrative rather than single stories in each episode. On Nettlix, whole seasons of shows are relcased at once, obviously intended for binge-watching. 

  News and sports are cable's biggest selling advantages, Consumers may not cancel their cable cription simply to follow their favorite team or to keep current with the news. Disne company of ESPN, plans to start an ESPN streaming service. 

  The changes and advancements in entertainment have created expectations for on-denand, and often commercial-frce, access to video content. Any players in the industry are racing to keep up with the competition. It wouldn't be surprising if some companies are edged out in the near future.

    How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we
may learn something from the forerunners-the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different
cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the
future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.
    It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer.
Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy
disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine,
reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards-though the last one might be a
cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.
    Meanwhile, there is another factor--our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped.
On the one hand, the rich get richer； on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems； the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions,might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems.
    Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the govemnment's policy to freeze
the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How
should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though
physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential
trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they
should constantly remind themselves of their original motive-to save people's lives. Finally, it is
advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to
reach out to the outside world.
    "Where there is a will, there is a way." Though this sounds like a cliche, yet leamning to articulate
stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners,
they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn't _______themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for
granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others,
and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.