Please read the following excerpts/passages closely and then choose the best answer to each
question accordingly.
We’ve all heard amazing stories in which people struggle heroically to survive against all odds. [ 1 ] The truth, though, is that not all survivors are quite so heroic. As the following story shows,
the will to survive isn’t always so strong. [ 2 ] Thrilling yet terrifying, the Marathon des Sables
is arguably the world’s toughest foot race. Competitors attempt a six-day, 150-mile run across the
Sahara Desert in temperatures of over 100 degrees.
Just imagine getting lost in the Sahara Desert. That is exactly what happened to an Italian
policeman named Mauro Prosperi, a regular competitor, when he took part in the race in 1994. He
said, “When strong winds blew over a desert, tiny particles of sand began to vibrate before they’re
whipped into the air. A sandstorm can reach heights of 15 meters, travelling at speeds of up to 40
kilometers an hour. Inside the dark, howling center of a storm, sand lacerated the skin, eyes and
throat.” Fearing that he could be buried in sand and unwilling to give up his position in the race, he
kept moving. This was against the advice of race organizers who had instructed runners to stop and
take cover in a sleeping bag if a sandstorm enveloped them. After eight hours trapped in the storm,
Prosperi found himself suddenly, palpably alone in the still desert night.
[ 3 ] With no water, no food and no hope, Prosperi made a decision: this little tomb would
also be his final resting place. But when his attempt did not succeed, Prosperi said he soon “came to
my senses.”“I realized that the marathon was moving on, that I couldn’t rely on the race officials
to save me,”he said, “I decided I must confront the desert myself.”For three whole days, Mauro
tried to find his way back to the course, with barely any water and no idea what direction he was
heading in. He started to visualize the agonizing death he would soon have to face. A friend had
once told him that dying of thirst was the worst of all possible deaths. Fearing such a long and
painful death, he decided to cut his wrists with a knife. But, short of water, his blood was thick and
would not flow. Five more days passed until, miraculously, a group of Tuareg nomads found him
and took him to a village. [ 4 ]
Mauro discovered he was in Algeria, more than 180 miles away from the race course. In 1995,
a documentary crew returned to the shrine where Prosperi sheltered for several days and found
some of his belongings, along with bat skeletons. Two years after his ordeal, Prosperi felt well
enough to return to his passion: endurance running. Determined to finish what he started, he ran the
Marathon des Sables. He has now completed the race six times, placing 13th in 2001. [ 5 ]