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- 四、您覺得情緒行為障礙（ADHD 類型）學生在成功高中生活及學習適應上最可能遇到哪些
問題？為解決這些適應問題，請各別提出您的因應配套措施？（20 分）
- 三、有一名學習障礙（讀寫障礙＋注意力缺陷）的高三學生，課堂學習很難跟上老師教學的
進度，學業表現極為低落，對於未來發展有強烈無助感，因此在課堂中不是滑手機就是
睡覺。若您是該生的個管老師，您會針對該生的學習做哪些調整或提供哪些服務？在升
學方面的輔導策略與重點為何？（25 分）
- 二、 身為本校高一身心障礙新生的個管教師，從接手個案資料起，您如何籌備及召開 IEP 會
議？請詳述如何籌備及辦理時程和項目。（25 分）
- (D)
1
The practice of freezing embryos as part of in vitro fertilization (IVF) was thrown into
chaos in Alabama this year, when the state supreme court ruled that such embryos should be
considered children, exposing clinics to wrongful death claims in the event they are destroyed
in the thawing process. In 2021, more than 80 percent of US IVF procedures involved the
transfer of frozen embryos, according to a recent report by the US Department of Health and
Human Services.
2
IVF uses high doses of hormones to stimulate ovaries to produce as many eggs as
possible. Once the eggs are extracted, the most mature are selected for attempts at fertilization
with sperm. Over the next 5 to 6 days, healthy fertilized eggs grow into blastocysts—the
earliest stage of embryo—containing roughly 100-200 cells. Blastocysts can be transferred into
the uterus or frozen to be thawed for later use. After transfer into the uterus, if all goes well, the
blastocyst implants itself in the wall of the womb and continues to grow.
3
For some patients, freezing embryos and then waiting several weeks before a transfer into
the uterus is more likely to lead to successful implantation, depending on their age, underlying
health or hormone levels. The pause allows the body's hormone levels to normalize following
ovarian stimulation. It also reduces the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), a
potentially life-threatening effect of intense hormone use. More broadly, freezing embryos
often means that only one course of painful, expensive ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval is
needed. If an embryo transfer fails, additional embryos can be thawed and used. Freezing of
embryos also allows patients to preserve fertility in advance of chemotherapy or other
treatments that can damage the reproductive organs. Genetic screening of embryos before a
transfer is only possible with freezing because it can take several weeks to get results. It is
often employed when there is a history of recurrent miscarriages, previous IVF failures and
maternal age over 35 or a family history of genetic diseases.
4
The loss of the option to freeze embryos for later usage "would represent a significant
setback for the field," said Dr. Steven Spandorfer of Weill Cornell Medicine in New York City,
president of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology. A single pregnancy is the best
way to promote the birth of a healthy child after IVF, so clinics are unlikely to return to the
practice of transferring multiple embryos into the womb, Spandorfer said. Clinics could freeze
eggs instead of embryos, but that approach has many limitations that would lower the overall
success of IVF. The viability of those eggs would not be clear until they are individually
thawed and IVF is attempted, creating the potential for delayed embryo transfers and the need
for additional hormone use and retrievals.
【題組】80. According to the passage, what would most likely happen if freezing embryos for IVF
became unavailable?
(A) Clinics would freeze eggs instead of embryos.
(B) Clinics would transfer multiple embryos into the womb.
(C) The overall success rate of IVF would increase.
(D) Clinics would not be able to perform IVF procedures. - 【題組】79. According to the passage, why is genetic screening of embryos only possible with
freezing?
(A) It takes several weeks to get results.
(B) It allows for a higher success rate in IVF procedures.
(C) It reduces the risk of genetic diseases.
(D) It is less expensive than other screening methods.
- 【題組】78. Which of the following benefits of using frozen embryos is NOT mentioned in the
passage?
(A) Normalizing hormone levels
(B) Preserving fertility before chemotherapy
(C) Reducing the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)
(D)Reducing the cost of IVF procedures
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