【非選題】 一、英譯中:(15 分) Representations of the relationship between European colonizers and
aboriginal peoples have long been much shaped by theoretical discourses from
various historical perspectives. The disciplines we know as history,
anthropology and archaeology largely emerged in the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries in the context of the encounter between Europe and other
peoples. These disciplines insisted upon a particular understanding of human
history. This was conceived as the reason for the fundamental differences
Europeans perceived between themselves and other peoples. The former
constructed their culture as symbolizing modern and civilized by imagining
the culture of aboriginal peoples as representing the ancient and backward.
That is, they claimed that cultures could be divided into different periods
of human history. Instead of regarding others as peoples who were
contemporaneous with themselves, Europeans claimed that they were from the
barbarous age. According to this historical theory, there was a natural course
of history beginning with the barbarian state, which was aboriginal, and
progressing towards modern civilization, which was Europe’s present. In this
theory, peoples such as aborigines were always associated with a lack or
deficit.