【非選題】 二、申論題(每小題25分,共75分): (一)以下内容節錄自一本書請解釋其內容,並提出你對本文所涉及之教育議題的看法。 The Assessment Reform Group--a group dedicated to ensuring that
assessment policy and practice are informed by research
evidenceㅡacknowledged the power that assessment had to influence learning,
both for good and for ill, and proposed seven precepts that summarized the
characteristics of assessment that promotes learning: 1. It is embedded in a view of teaching and learning of which it is an essential
part;
2. It involves sharing learning goals with pupils; 3. It aims to help pupils to know and to recognize the standards they are aiming
for;
4. It involves pupils in self-assessment; 5. It provides feedback which leads to pupils recognizing their next steps and
how to take them;
6. It is underpinned by confidence that every student can improve;
7. It involves both teacher and pupils reviewing and reflecting on assessment
data (Broadfoot et al., 1999, p. 7).
▲閱讀下文,回答第 46-50 題
Quite a few pet owners say that they are able to communicate with their beloved animals by
looking at their body language signals. This claim is not surprising to animal scientists due to the
fact that they have discovered that animals can communicate not just between themselves but
with humans as well. Here are some interesting findings on the secret languages of animals. It’s commonly known
that a dog usually wags its tail to show its happiness and excitement. But do you know that when
a dog’s tail moves more to the left, it implies negative feelings like anger and disappointment?
Another amazing finding is that the average dog can understand about 160 words in total and
therefore can physically respond to their owners’ directions. Interestingly, cats use their eyes to
communicate. They blink slowly when they feel totally comfortable with the people around them.
Rabbits like to grind their teeth to show they are enjoying themselves and feel comfortable. Some
pet birds rapidly enlarge or shrink the pupils in their eyes to help their owners to get an accurate
emotional reading. In the world of hamsters, yawning does not convey a message of being tired.
Hamsters actually yawn to indicate that they are feeling quite content and peaceful at the moment.
Do you have trouble communicating with your pets? Instead of shaking your head in
frustration because you do not know what your pets want to express, try to understand the true
meaning behind their behaviors.
【題組】50. Which of the following inferences can be drawn from the passage?
(A) Humans should train their pets to listen and follow the order they give.
(B) The messages animals try to convey are usually easy to see and understand.
(C) Understanding the body language of animals helps to communicate with them.
(D) Animals can be trained to communicate with humans by using their body movement.