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無年度 - 2005年8月托福閱讀#20893

科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福 | 選擇題數：50 | 申論題數：0

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所屬科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福

選擇題 (50)

1. What does the passage mainly discuss (A) The establishment and goals of the National Sculpture Society (B) Why artists of the twentieth century wanted to jojn the National Sculpture Society (C) The effects of the National Sculpture Society on twentieth-century art (D) The relationship between the National Sculpture Society and national arts groups
2. The word "scarce" in line 2 is closest in meaning to (A) exciting (B) expensive (C) uncommon (D) popular
3. The word "lamented" in line 5 is closest in meaning to (A) declared (B) complained (C) revealed (D) described
4. What is (he "dire predicament" mentioned by the author in line 6 ? (A) The limited professional opportunities for sculptors (B) The failure of the Fine Arts Society to include paintings in its exhibitions (C) The founding of the National Sculpture Society (D) The production of the Monumental News
5. The passage suggests which of the following about early-twentielh-century art? (A) Many New Yorkers were not interested in painting. (B) Newspapers and journals rarely discussed painting. (C) People saw more public displays of painting than of sculpture. (D) An appearance in galleries of the Fine Arts Society guaranteed financial success.
6. According to the passage, who was the first president of the National Sculpture Society? (A) Frederick W. Rucksmll (B) John Quincy Adams Ward (C) Charles de Kay (D) Admire! George Dewey
7. The phrase "that end" in line 15 refers to (A) the last twenty years of his life. (B) much time (C) promoting public art (D) the NSS committee
8. The word "champion" in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) critic (B) founder (C) creator (D) supporter
9. According to the passage, what was a goal of the City Beautiful Movement? (A) To increase national sales of Sculpture (B) To encourage sculptors to create more monuments (C) To improve to appearance of the city with art (D) To convince more sculptors to work in New York
10. According to the passage, the National Sculpture Society promoted the production of sculpture by doing which of the following? (A) Carrying oui activities that increased the public's respect for sculptors (B) Replacing old sculptures in public places with new ones (C) Increasing the number of sculptural competitions (D) Encouraging private sculpture lessons in homes
11. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The effect of industrialization on Ihe city of Pullman (B) The model city built by George Pullman (C) The career of George Pullman (D) Housing problems in the nineteenth century '
12. According to the passage, which L the following led to the creation of the town of Pullman? (A) A surplus of railway workers in Chicago (B) Housing problems caused by industrialization (C) George Pullman's decision to slop producing railway cars (D) The opening of the World's Columbian Exposition
14. According to the passage, George Pullman expected that the city of Pullman would (A) impress social reformers (B) satisfy radical political groups (C) soon develop housing problems (D) draw workers Co the railway car industry
15. According to the passage. Pullman inhabitants were taught to do all of Ihe following EXCEPT (A) have good manners (B) become active in town politics (C) value education (D) save money
13. The word "retain" in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) house (B) train (C) keep (D)reward
16. What does the author imply about George Pullman's attitude toward his workers in lines 10-11 ? (A) Pullman believed that his workers should follow a strict daily schedule. (B) Pullman felt that his workers required careful monitoring and supervision. (C) Pullman thought that individual workers could be taught to work together as a team. (D) Pullman believed that his workers had trouble keeping track of the time they spent on a task.
17. The word "grievances" in line 17 is closest in meaning to (A) stories (B) opinions (C) findings (D) complaints
18. The passage suggests that George Pullman worked to hide which of the following from tourists? (A) His role as an investor in the World's Columbian Exposition (B) His conflicts with the inhabitants of the town of Pullman (C) His efforts to promote the town of Pullman (D) His lack Of knowledge about how the Inhabitants of Pullman really lived
19. According to the passage, what did George Pullman do to promote tourism in the town of Pullman? (A) He personally showed tourists around the town. (B) He published a travel guide to the town. (C) He started to invest in the town's cultural development. (D) He built a new road connecting it to the World's Columbian Exposition.
20. Why does the author mention the first Baedeker Travel Guide to the United States? (A) To explain where tourists could find train and trolley schedules (B) To identify a way used by George Pullman to attract tourists to Pullman (C) To indicate how a large number of foreign tourists became interested in visiting the town of Pullman (D) To provide evidence that tourists were often more interested in visiting Pullman than in seeing the World's Columbian Exposition
21. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The techniques for comparing facial expressions across cultures (B) The photography of faces (C) Cultural variations in mask (D) The uniformity of facial expressions in revealing emotions
22. According to the passage, masks are used in performances to (A) disguise the real emotions of the performers (B) cause members of the audience to have strong emotional (C) remind the audience that an illusion is being created (D) identify the cultural background of the performers
23. The word "they" in line 2 refers to (A) masks (B) rituals (C) performances (D) emotions
24. The word "evidence" in line 7 is closest in meaning to (A) concern (B) interest (C) roof (D) reference
25. What does the author mean by stating, "the symbolism used in masks is often universal" (lines 7-8)? (A) Masks are sometimes used to hide emotions. (B) Performers often need help conveying emotions to an audience. (C) Not all societies use masks in their rituals and (D) People from different cultures generally express certain emotions in similar ways.
26. The word "schemes" in line 14 is closest in meaning to (A) systems (B) presentations (C) proposals (D) investigations
27. What does the author suggest by Stating, "in geometric terms, we make angles and diagonals on our faces" (line 17)? (A) Different portions of the face are used to show specific emotions. (B) It is difficult to use objective terminology to describe facial expressions. (C) Facial expressions can be described in terms of shapes. (D) Precise methods of classifying emotions have not been developed.
28. The wood "significant" in line 21 is closest in meaning to (A) excellent (B) important (C) continuous (D) genuine
29. The passage mentions-"* baby's face" in line 26 as an example ofa (A) typical human face (B) source of inspiration in the creation of masks (C) nonthreatening face (D) face that expresses few emotions
30. The word "enhance" in line2 is closest in meaning to (A) encourage (B) resist (C) increase (D) reveal
31. The description of the prey's movement as "zigzag" in line 9 suggests that the movement is (A) reliable (B) fast (C) constant (D) unpredictable
32. It can be inferred from the passage that the European hare (A) is faster than most of its predators (B) is capable of two kinds of flight (C) is more likely to escape using straight flight (D) is preyed upon by gulls and falcons
33. The behavior of black-beaded gulls is most comparable to that of (A) gazelles (B) European hares (C) peregrine falcons (D) frogs
34. It can be inferred that black-headed gulls change direction when they spot a peregrine falcon for which of the following reasons? (A) The falcons are faster than the gulls. (B) The gulls want to capture the falcons. (C) The falcons are unpredictable. (D) The gulls depend on the falcons for protection.
35. The word "alarmed" in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) moving (B) selected (C) frightened (D) exhausted
36. All of the following are mentioned as characteristics of "flash" behavior EXCEPT (A) brief conspicuous activity (B) Immobility (C) bright body markings (D) aggressive fighting
37. The phrase "in particular" in line 20 is closest in meaning to (A) especially (B) with difficulty (C) expertly (D) frequently
38. The hind wings of red and yellow underwing moths function in a way that is most similar to (A) the hind wings of peregrine falcons (B) the zigzag flight of European hares (C) the colored patches on frogs (D) the clicking of grasshoppers
39. Why does the author mention grasshopper* in line 28? (A) To contrast animals that "flash" with animals that “freeze” (B) As an example of an animal whose "flash" behavior is a sound? (C) To compare the jumping behavior of insects and reptiles (D) As an example of a predator that moths escape by using "flash" behavior
40. What does this passage mainly discuss? (A) Exploration of the Atlantic Ocean seabed (B) Differences between the Gulf Stream and other ocean currents (C) Oceanography in the nineteenth century (D) The reaction of water to temperature changes
41. According to the passage, what led to advances in the study of oceans? (A) An interest in conducting ocean research on a worldwide level (B) A disagreement between American and British (C) The development of new global weather patterns (D) The use of thermometers that could withstand deep ocean pressures
42. The word "accurate" in line 9 is closest in meaning to (A) correct (B) published (C) detailed (D) accepted
43. According to the passage, Edward Forbes held which of the following opinions? (A) The Golf Stream did not extend below 300 fathoms. (B) Nothing lived in the ocean below 300 fathoms. (C) The discoveries of the HMS Challenger were false. (D) Manganese nodules were a potentially valuable source of minerals.
44. The word "expedition" in line 13 is closest in meaning to (A) boat (B) evidence (C) voyage (D) route
45. The word "devised" in line 17 is closest in meaning to (A) tested (B) understood (C) popularized (D) developed
46. According to the passage, which of the following is true of the discoveries of the HMS Challenger? (A) They Jed zoologists to argue that there were no 300 fathoms (B) They confirmed theories about (C) They provided no new information about the seabed (D) They revealed an important new mineral source 
47. The word "they" in line 22 refers to (A) routes (B) oceanographere (C) winds (D) currents
48. According to the passage, which of the following is true about Matthew F. Maury? (A) His ship traveled to the North Pole in 1893. (B) He believed winds to be the source of currents. (C) His studies or wind patterns enabled sailors to shorten their travel times. (D) He believed that currents flowed only from warmer regions to cooler ones.
49. The passage suggests which of the following about the visit of The Fram to the North Pole? (A) Matthew F. Maury was aboard The Fram when it traveled to the North Pole. (B) During The Pram's visit to the North Pole. Matthew F. Maury's belief about the North Pole's sea was tested. (C) The discoveries of The Pram were later refuted by Matthew F. Maury's discoveries. (D) The Pram found that the water surrounding the North Pole was ice free.
50. What did the voyages of HMS Challenger (line 13) and The Pram (line 26) have (A) Both provided new scientific data about the Gulf Stream. (B) Both disproved previously accepted scientific beliefs. (C) Both voyages took place at the same time. (D) Both voyages produced maps of the seabed.

申論題 (0)