無年度 - 95年10月TOFEL閱讀(Page23-24)#20916

科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福 | 選擇題數：50 | 申論題數：0

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所屬科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福

選擇題 (50)

1. How many theories does the author mention? (A) One (B) Two (C) Three (D) Four

2. The passage answers which of the following questions? (A) What is the effect of atmospheric pressure on foliage? (B) When do dead cells harm plant growth? (C) How does water get to the tops of trees? (D) Why is root pressure weak?

3. The word "demonstrated" in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) ignored (B) showed (C) disguised (D) distinguished

4. What do the experiments mentioned in lines 5-7 prove? (A) Plant stems die when deprived of water (B) Cells in plant stems do not pump water (C) Plants cannot move water to high altitudes (D) Plant cells regulate pressure within stems

5.How do botanists know that root pressure is not the only force that moves water in plants? (A) Some very tall trees have weak root pressure. (B) Root pressures decrease in winter. (C) Plants can live after their roots die. (D) Water in a plant's roots is not connected to water in its stem.

6. Which of the following statements does the passage support? (A) Water is pushed to the tops of trees. (B) Botanists have proven that living cells act as pumps. (C) Atmospheric pressure draws water to the tops of tall trees. (D) Botanists have changed their theories of how water moves in plants.

7. The word "it" in line 12 refers to (A) top (B) tree (C) water (D) cohesion-tension theory.

8. The word "there" in line 14 refers to (A) treetops (B) roots (C) water columns (D) tubes

9. What causes the tension that draws water up a plant? (A) Humidity (B) Plant growth (C) Root pressure (D) Evaporation

10. The word "extend" in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) stretch (B) branch (C) increase (D) rotate

11. According to the passage, why does water travel through plants in unbroken columns? (A) Root pressure moves the water very rapidly. (B) The attraction between water molecules in strong. (C) The living cells of plants push the water molecules together. (D) Atmospheric pressure supports the columns.

12.Why does the author mention steel wire in line 22? (A) To illustrate another means of pulling water (B) To demonstrate why wood is a good building material (C) To indicate the size of a column of water (D) To emphasize the strength of cohesive forces in water

13.Where in the passage does the author give an example of a plant with low root pressure? (A) Lines3-4 (B) Lines5-7 (C) Lines10-11 (D) Lines12-13 Question 14-22

14. With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned? (A) Types of mass transportation. (B) Instability of urban life. (C) How supply and demand determine land use. (D) The effects of mass transportation on urban expansion.

15. The author mentions all of the following as effects of mass transportation on cities EXCEPT (A) growth in city area (B) separation of commercial and residential districts. (C) Changes in life in the inner city. (D) Increasing standards of living.

16. The word "vast" in line 3 is closest in meaning to (A) large (B) basic (C) new (D) urban

17. The word "sparked" in line 11 is closest in meaning to (A) brought about (B) surrounded (C) sent out (D) followed

18. Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago? (A) To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth. (B) To show that mass transit changed many cities. (C) To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation.

19. The word "potential" in line 16 is closest in meaning to (A) certain (B) popular (C) improved (D) possible

20. The word "many" in line 19 refers to (A) people (B) lots (C) years (D) developers

21. According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion? (A) It was expensive. (B) It happened too slowly. (C) It was unplanned. (D) It created a demand for public transportation.

22. The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city (A) that is large (B) that is used as a model for land development (C) where land development exceeded population growth (D) with an excellent mass transportation system.

23. The passage supports which of the following conclusions? (A) Some species of ichthyosaurs decayed more rapidly than other species. (B) Ichthyosaur newborns are smaller than other newborn marine reptiles. (C) Ichthyosaurs were more advanced than terrestrial creatures. (D) Ichthyosaurs may have gathered at Holzmaden to give birth.

24. The word "they" in line 3 refers to (A) skeletons (B) scavengers (C) creatures (D) environments

25. All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization EXCEPT the (A) speed of burial (B) conditions of the water (C) rate at which soft tissues decay (D) cause of death of the animal.

26. Which of the following is true of the fossil deposits discussed in the passage? (A) They include examples of newly discovered species. (B) They contain large numbers of well-preserved specimens (C) They are older than fossils found in other places (D) They have been analyzed more carefully than other fossils.

27. The word "outstanding" in line 14 is closest in meaning to (A) extensive (B) surprising (C) vertical (D) excellent

28. The word "site" in line 17 is closest in meaning to (A) example (B) location (C) development (D) characteristic

29. Why does the author mention the specimen preserved in the birth canal (line 19)? (A) To illustrate that the embryo fossils are quite advanced in their development (B) To explain why the fossils are well preserved (C) To indicate how the ichthyosaurs died (D) To prove that ichthyosaurs are marine animals.

30. The word "they" in line 22 refers to (A) pregnant females and young (B) quarry operations (C) the value of the fossils (D) these factors

31.The phrase "account for" in line 25 is closest in meaning to (A) record (B) describe (C) equal (D) explain

32.Which of the following best expresses the relationship between the first and second paragraphs? (A) The first paragraph describes a place while the second paragraph describes a field of study. (B) The first paragraph defines the terms that are used in the second paragraph. (C) The second paragraph describes a specific instance of the general topic discussed in the first paragraph. (D) The second paragraph presents information that contrasts with the information given in the first paragraph.

33.Where in the passage does the author mentions the variety of fossils found at Holzmaden? (A) Line 1 (B) Lines 3-5 (C) Lines 12-13 (D) Lines 19-21

34.With what topic is the passage primarily concerned? (A) The river systems of portions of North America. (B) Certain geological features to the North American continent. (C) An exploratory trip sponsored by the United States government. (D) The discovery of natural resources in the United States.

35.According to the passage, the primary purpose of finding a water route across the continent was to (A) gain easy access to the gold and other riches of the Northwest (B) become acquainted with the inhabitants of the West. (C) investigate the possibility of improved farmland in the West. (D) facilitate the movement of commerce across the continent

36.The river Meriwether Lewis was instructed to explore was the (A) Wood (B) Missouri (C) Columbia (D) Mississippi

37.According to the passage, the explorers spent their first winter in what would become (A) North Dakota (B) Missouri (C) Montana (D) Idaho

38.The author states that Lewis and Clark studied all of the following characteristics of the explored territories EXCEPT (A) mineral deposits (B) the weather (C) animal life (D) native vegetation

39.The phrase "Picking up" in line 16 could best be replaced by which of the following? (A) Searching for (B) Following (C) Learning about (D) Lifting

40.It can be inferred from the passage that prior to the Lewis and Clark expedition the size of the continent had been (A) of little interest (B) underestimated (C) known to native inhabitants of the West (D) unpublished but known to most scientists

41.Wherer in the passage does the author refer to the explorers' failure to find an easy passageway to the western part of the continent? (A) Lines1-3 (B) Lines7-8 (C) Lines16-18 (D) Lines21-24

42. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The historical development of the piano (B) The quality of tone produced by various keyboard instruments (C) The uses of keyboard instruments in various types of compositions (D) The popularity of the piano with composers

43. Which of the following instruments was widely used before the seventeenth century? (A) The harpsichord (B) The spinet (C) The clavichord (D) The organ

44. The words "a supremacy" in line 9 are closest in meaning to (A) a suggestion (B) an improvement (C) a dominance (D) a development

45. The word "supplanted" in line 10 is closest in meaning to (A) supported (B) promoted (C) replaced (D) dominated

46. The word "it" in line 11 refers to the (A) variety (B) music (C) harpsichord (D) clavichord

47. According to the passage, what deficiency did the harpsichord have? (A) It was fragile (B) It lacked variety in tone. (C) It sounded metallic. (D) It could not produce a strong sound.

48. Where in the passage does the author provide a translation? (A) Lines 4-5 (B) Lines 13-15 (C) Lines 18-19 (D) Lines 20-25

49. According to the information in the third paragraph, which of the following improvements made it possible to lengthen the tone produced by the piano? (A) The introduction of pedals (B) The use of heavy wires (C) The use of felt-padded hammerheads (D) The metal frame construction

50. The word "myriad" in line 23 is closest in meaning to (A) noticeable (B) many (C) loud (D) unusual

申論題 (0)