無年度 - 96年8月TOFEL閱讀(Page43-44)#20919

科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福 | 選擇題數：50 | 申論題數：0

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所屬科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福

選擇題 (50)

1. The word "coined" in line 1 could best be replaced by (A) created (B) mentioned (C) understood (D) discovered

2. The word "intervention" in line 4 can best be replaced by (A) need (B) device (C) influence (D) source

3. The word "it" in line 5 refers to (A) light bulb (B) energy (C) molecule (D) atom

4. Which of the following statements best describes a laser? (A) A device for stimulating atoms and molecules to emit light (B) An atom in a high-energy state (C) A technique for destroying atoms or molecules (D) An instrument for measuring light waves

5. Why was Town's early work with stimulated emission done with microwaves? (A) He was not concerned with light amplification. (B) It was easier to work with longer wavelengths. (C) His partner Schawlow had already begun work on the laser. (D) The laser had already been developed.

6. In his research at Columbia University, Charles Townes worded with all of the following EXCEPT (A) stimulated emission (B) microwaves (C) light amplification (D) a maser

7. In approximately what year was the first maser built? (A) 1917 (B) 1951 (C) 1953 (D) 1957

8. The word "emerged" in line 20 is closest in meaning to (A) increased (B) concluded (C) succeeded (D) appeared

9. The word "outlining" in line 21 is closest in meaning to (A) assigning (B) studying (C) checking (D) summarizing

10. Why do people still argue about who deserves the credit for the concept of the laser? (A) The researcher's notebooks were lost. (B) Several people were developing the idea at the same time. (C) No one claimed credit for the development until recently. (D) The work is still incomplete.

11. What aspect of panel paintings does the passage mainly discuss? (A) Famous example (B) Different styles (C) Restoration (D) Production

12. According to the passage, what was the first step in making a panel painting? (A) Mixing the paint (B) Preparing the panel (C) Buying the gold leaf (D) Making ink drawings

13. The word "it" in line 4 refers to (A) chalk (B) composition (C) artist (D) surface

14. The word "deliberate" in line 5 is closest in meaning to (A) decisive (B) careful (C) natural (D) unusual

15. Which of the following processes produced the translucent colors found on panel paintings? (A) Joining wooden planks to form large sheets (B) Polishing the gesso (C) Applying many layers of paint (D) Covering the background with gold leaf

16. What characteristic of tempera paint is mentioned in the passage? (A) It dries quickly (B) It is difficult to make (C) It dissolves easily (D) It has to be applied directly to wood

17. The word "demanded" in line 17 is closest in meaning ot (A) ordered (B) reported (C) required (D) questioned

18. The "collective enterprise" mentioned in line 18 includes all of the following EXCEPT (A) supplying the gold leaf (B) building the panels (C) applying the paint (D) selling the painting

19. The word "imitate" in line 22 is closest in meaning to (A) copy (B) illustrate (C) promote (D) believe in

20. The author mention all of the following as problems with the survival of panel paintings EXCEPT (A) condition (B) theft (C) preservation (D) restoration

21. The word "them" in line 27 refers to (A) problem (B) condition, restoration, preservation (C) panel paintings (D) museum collections

22. What is the main topic of the passage? (A) The ways in which crows differ from other common birds (B) The myths and legends about crows (C) The characteristics that make crows difficult to study (D) The existing methods for investigating crow behavior.

23. According to the first paragraph, what evidence is there that crows have interested people for a long time? (A) The large number of stories about crows (B) The frequency with which crows are sighted (C) The amount of research that has been conducted on crows (D) The ease with which crows are identified

24. The word "comparably" in line 5 is closest in meaning to (A) interestingly (B) similarly (C) otherwise (D) sometimes

25. In line 6, the author mentions the endangered California condor as an example of a species that is (A) smaller than the crow (B) easily identifiable (C) featured in legends (D) very rare

26 The word "them" in line 10 refers to (A) crows (B) subjects (C) intentions (D) researchers

27. According to the second paragraph, crows are poor subjects for field research for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: (A) They can successfully avoid observers (B) They are hard to distinguish from one another (C) They can be quite aggressive (D) They are difficult to catch

28. In the second paragraph, the author implies that using radio transmitters would allow a researcher who studies crow to (A) follow flocks of crows over long distances (B) identify individual crows (C) record the times when crows are most active (D) help crows that become sick or injured

29. According to the third paragraph, which of the following is true about crows? (A) They seldom live in any one place for very long (B) They thrive in a wide variety of environments. (C) They have marked preferences for certain kinds of foods (D) They use up the resources in one area before moving to another

30. In lines 19, the word "inclinations" is closest in meaning to (A) tricks (B) opportunities (C) preferences (D) experiences

31. In lines 10-21, the author mentions a pet crow to illustrate which of the following? (A) The clever ways that crows solve problems (B) The differences between pet crows and wild crows (C) The ease with which crows can be tamed (D) The affection that crows show to other creatures

32. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage? (A) Crows have relatively long lives (B) Crows have been vision (C) Crows are usually solitary (D) Crows are very intelligent

33. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The increased use of private mail services (B) The development of a government postal system (C) A comparison of urban and rural postal services (D) The history of postage stamps

34. The word "varied" in line 2 could best be replaced by (A) increased (B) differed (C) returned (D) started

35. Which of the following was seen as a disadvantage of the postage stamp? (A) It had to be purchased by the sender in advance. (B) It increased the cost of mail delivery (C) It was difficult to affix to letters. (D) It was easy to counterfeit.

36. Why does the author mention the city to Philadelphia in line9? (A) It was the site of the first post office in the United States (B) Its postal service was inadequate for its population (C) It was the largest city in the United States in 1847 (D) It was commemorated by the first United States postage stamp

37. The word "cumbersome" in line 13 is closest in meaning to (A) burdensome (B) handsome (C) loathsome (D) quarrelsome

38. The word "they" in line 15 refers to (A) Boston and Philadelphia (B) businesses (C) arrangements (D) letters

39. The private postal services of the nineteenth century claimed that they could do which of the following better than the government? (A) Deliver a higher volume of mail (B) Deliver mail more cheaply. (C) Deliver mail faster. (D) Deliver mail to rural areas

40. In 1863 the United States government began providing which of the following to mail carriers? (A) A salary (B) Housing (C) Transportation (D) Free postage stamps

41. The word "Confined" in line 21 is closest in meaning to (A) granted (B) scheduled (C) limited (D) recommended

42. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) Why historical archaeology was first developed (B) How the methods and purpose of historical archaeology have changed (C) The contributions architects make to historical archaeology. (D) The attitude of professional archaeologists toward historical archaeology

43. According to the first paragraph. What is a relatively new focus in archaeology? (A) Investigating the rece past (B) Studying prehistoric cultures (C) Excavating ancient sites in what is now the United States. (D) Comparing findings made in North America and in Europe

44. According to the passage, when had historical archaeologists been trained as anthropologists? (A) Prior to the 1930's (B) During the 1930's and 1940's (C) During the 1950's and 1960's (D) After the 1960's

45. The word "framed" in line 13 is closest in meaning to (A) understood (B) read (C) avoided (D) posed

46. In the third paragraph, the author implies that the techniques of history and the techniques of social science are (A) equally useful in studying prehistoric cultures (B) quite different from each other (C) usually taught to students of archaeology (D) both based on similar principles

47. The phrase "their contributions" in line 16 refers to the contributions of (A) social scientists (B) prehistoric cultures (C) historians (D) documentation and knowledge

48. The author mentions an excavation at the size of a hotel in Sacramento in order to give an example of (A) a building reconstruction project (B) the work of the earliest historical archaeologists (C) a finding that conflicts with written records (D) the kind of information that historians routinely examine

49. The word "supposedly" in line 26 is closest in meaning to (A) ruthlessly (B) tightly (C) barely (D) seemingly

50. The word "sanitation" in line 29 is closest in meaning to (A) city (B) housing (C) health (D) trade

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