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無年度 - 97年5月TOFEL閱讀 (Page 168-170)#20922

科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福 | 選擇題數：50 | 申論題數：0

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所屬科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福

選擇題 (50)

1. The word "medium" in line 5 could be used to refer to (A) stone or wood (B) mallet and chisel (C) technique (D) principle
2. What is one of the fundamental principles of direct carving? (A) A sculptor must work with talented assistants. (B) The subject of a sculpture should be derived from classical stories. (C) The material is an important element in a sculpture. (D) Designing a sculpture is a more creative activity than carving it.
3. The word "dictates" in line 8 is closest in meaning to (A) reads aloud (B) determines (C) includes (D) records
4. How does direct carving differ from the nineteenth-century tradition of sculpture? (A) Sculptors are personally involved in the carving of a piece. (B) Sculptors find their inspiration in neoclassical sources. (C) Sculptors have replaced the mallet and chisel with other tools. (D) Sculptors receive more formal training.
5. The word "witnessed" in line 23 is closest in meaning to (A) influenced (B) studied (C) validated (D) observed
6. Where did Robert Laurent learn to carve? (A) New York (B) Africa (C) The South Pacific (D) Paris.
7. The phrase "a break with" in line 30 is closest in meaning to (A) a destruction of (B) a departure from (C) a collapse of (D) a solution to
8. The piece titled The Priestess has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: (A) The design is stylized. (B) It is made of marble. (C) The carving is not deep. (D) It depicts the front of a person.
9. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) How birds find and store food. (B) How birds maintain body heat in the winter. (C) Why birds need to establish territory. (D) Why some species of birds nest together.
10. The word "conserve" in line 3 is closest in meaning to (A) retain (B) watch (C) locate (D) share
11. Ptarmigan keep warm in the winter by (A) huddling together on the ground with other birds. (B) Building nests in trees. (C) Burrowing into dense patches of vegetation (D) Digging tunnels into the snow.
12. The word "magnified" in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) caused (B) modified (C) intensified (D) combined
13. The author mentions kinglets in line 9 as an example of birds that (A) protect themselves by nesting in holes. (B) Nest with other species of birds (C) Nest together for warmth (D) Usually feed and nest in pairs.
14. The word "forage" in line 12 is closest in meaning to (A) fly (B) assemble (C) feed (D) rest
15. Which of the following statements about lesser and common kestrels is true? (A) The lesser kestrel and the common kestrel have similar diets. (B) The lesser kestrel feeds sociably but the common kestrel does not. (C) The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel. (D) The common kestrel nests in trees, the lesser kestrel nests on the ground.
16. The word "counteracted" in line 24 is closest in meaning to (A) suggested (B) negated (C) measured (D) shielded
17. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an advantage derived by birds that huddle together while sleeping? (A) Some members of the flock warm others of impending dangers. (B) Staying together provides a greater amount of heat for the whole flock. (C) Some birds in the flock function as information centers for others who are looking for food. (D) Several members of the flock care for the young.
18. Which of the following is a disadvantage of communal roosts that is mentioned in the passage? (A) Diseases easily spread among the birds. (B) Groups are more attractive to predators than individual birds. (C) Food supplies are quickly depleted (D) Some birds in the group will attack the others.
19. The word "they" in line 25 refers to (A) a few birds (B) mass roosts (C) predators (D) trees.
20. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) Causes of food spoilage. (B) Commercial production of ice (C) Inventions that led to changes in the American diet. (D) Population movements in the nineteenth century.
21. The phrase "in season" in line 2 refers to (A) a kind of weather (B) a particular time of year (C) an official schedule (D) a method of flavoring food.
22. The word "prevent" in line 4 is closest in meaning to (A) estimate (B) avoid (C) correct (D) confine
23. During the 1860's, canned food products were (A) unavailable in rural areas (B) shipped in refrigerator cars (C) available in limited quantities. (D) A staple part of the American diet.
24. It can be inferred that railroad refrigerator cars came into use (A) before 1860 (B) before 1890 (C) after 1900 (D) after 1920
25. The word "them" in line 14 refers to (A) refrigerator cars (B) perishables (C) growers (D) distances
26. The word "fixture" in line 20 is closest in meaning to (A) luxury item (B) substance (C) commonplace object (D) mechanical device
27. The author implies that in the 1920's and 1930's home deliveries of ice (A) decreased in number (B) were on an irregular schedule (C) increased in cost (D) occurred only in the summer.
28. The word "Nevertheless" in line 24 is closest in meaning to (A) therefore (B) because (C) occasionally (D) however
29. Which of the following types of food preservation was NOT mentioned in the passage? (A) Drying (B) Canning (C) Cold storage (D) Chemical additives.
30. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage? (A) Tin cans and iceboxes helped to make many foods more widely available. (B) Commercial ice factories were developed by railroad owners (C) Most farmers in the United States raised only fruits and vegetables. (D) People who lived in cities demanded home delivery of foods.
31. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The explanation of an interesting phenomenon (B) Miracles in modern science (C) Procedures in scientific investigation (D) The differences between biology and physics.
32. The word "process" in line 10 refers to (A) the righting of a tumbling cat (B) the cat's fall slowed down (C) high-speed photography (D) a scientific experiment
33. Why are the photographs mentioned in line 16 referred to as an "experiment"? (A) The photographs were not very clear. (B) The purpose of the photographs was to explain the process. (C) The photographer used inferior equipment (D) The photographer thought the cat might be injured.
34. Which of the following can be inferred about high-speed photography in the late 1800's? (A) It was a relatively new technology. (B) The necessary equipment was easy to obtain. (C) The resulting photographs are difficult to interpret. (D) It was not fast enough to provide new information.
35. The word "rotates" in line 19 is closest in meaning to (A) drops (B) turns (C) controls (D) touches
36. According to the passage, a cat is able to right itself in midair because it is (A) frightened (B) small (C) intelligent (D) flexible
37. The word "readily" in line 24 is closest in meaning to (A) only (B) easily (C) slowly (D) certainly
38. How did scientists increase "the speed of their perceptions a thousandfold" (lines 25-26)? (A) By analyzing photographs (B) By observing a white cat in a dark room (C) By dropping a cat from a greater height. (D) By studying Newton's laws of motion.
39. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) How cities in the United States began and developed (B) Solutions to overcrowding in cities (C) The changing definition of an urban area (D) How the United States Census Bureau conducts a census
40. According to the passage, the population of the United States was first classified as rural or urban in (A) 1870 (B) 1900 (C) 1950 (D) 1970
41. The word "distinguished" in line 3 is closest in meaning to (A) differentiated (B) removed (C) honored (D) protected
42. Prior to 1900, how many inhabitants would a town have to have before being defines as urban? (A) 2,500 (B) 8,000 (C) 15,000 (D) 50,000
43. According to the passage, why did the Census Bureau revise the definition of urban in 1950? (A) City borders had become less distinct. (B) Cities had undergone radical social change (C) Elected officials could not agree on an acceptable definition. (D) New businesses had relocated to larger cities.
44. The word "those" in line 9 refers to (A) boundaries (B) persons (C) units (D) areas
45. The word "constituting" in line 16 is closest in meaning to (A) located near (B) determine by (C) calling for (D) marking up
46. The word "which" in line 18 refers to a smaller (A) population (B) city (C) character (D) figure
47. Which of the following is NOT true of an SMSA? (A) It has a population of at least 50,000 (B) It can include a city's outlying regions (C) It can include unincorporated regions (D) It consists of at least two cities.
48. By 1970, what proportion of the population in the United States did NOT live in an SMSA? (A) 3/4 (B) 2/3 (C) 1/2 (D) 1/3
49. The Census Bureau first used the term "SMSA" in (A) 1900 (B) 1950 (C) 1969 (D) 1970
50. Where in the passage does the author mention names used by social scientists for an urban area? (A) Lines 4-5 (B) Lines 7-8 (C) Lines 21-23 (D) Lines 27-29.

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