103年 - [無官方正解]103 國立嘉義大學_轉學生招生考試試題：普通動物學#145112

1. Which of the following statements best describes the function of tyrosine kinase? (A)It catalyzes the formation of dopamine from L-dopa. (B)It catalyzes the formation of norepinephrine from dopamine. (C) It catalyzes the phosphorylation of a protein inside a cell. (D) It catalyzes the phosphorylation of a protein in the extracellular fluid. (E)It sequesters calcium in the cytosol.

2. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) stimulates one's metabolic rate. Many supplement companies offer products claiming to increase the levels of this chemical within the body. If you had a patient on this supplement and they had high levels of cAMP in their body, what symptoms would you expect them to display? (A)weight loss and a high temperature (B)weight gain and lethargy (C) hypoglycemia and low blood pressure (D) high G protein and sugar levels in their urine (E)increased heart rate and shallow breathing

3. The change in membrane potential that occurs in skeletal muscle cells in response to acetylcholine binding to its receptors is called a(n) (A)repolarizing potential. (B)hyperpolarizing potential. (C) end-plate potential. (D) inhibitory post synaptic potential. (E)refractory period.

4. Myasthenia gravis primarily affects women and its defining characteristic is fatigue of unusually rapid onset and severity following the use of certain muscle groups. What symptoms below best allude to the set of muscles affected by this disease? (A)difficulty walking due to fatigue in the major muscles of the legs (B)relaxed bladder causing frequent urination (C) difficulty speaking, difficulty swallowing, and drooping eyelids (D) difficulty moving the joints of the fingers and toes (E)difficulty in fine motor control of the fingers, especially the thumb

5. Which of the following couplings between neurotransmitter and neurotransmitter class is INCORRECT? (A)adenosine : amino acid (B)norepinephrine : catecholamine (C) histamine : biogenic amine (D) enkephalin : neuropeptide (E)nitric oxide : gas

6. The compliance of the lung is determined by the elasticity of the lung and (A)volume. (B)transpulmonary pressure. (C) airway resistance. (D) surface tension. (E)intra-alveolar pressure.

7. What is the volume of air moved into and out of the lungs in a single breath during unforced breathing called? (A)total lung capacity (B)functional residual capacity (C) tidal volume (D) vital capacity (E)minute ventilation

8. Which of the following best describes the function of the blood-testis barrier? (A)It maintains a differential fluid composition of the seminiferous tubule lumen that facilitates development of sperm and protects sperm from the immune system. (B)It maintains a differential fluid composition of the seminiferous tubule lumen that facilitates the development of sperm and blocks the access of androgens to the lumen. (C) It maintains a differential fluid composition of the seminiferous tubule lumen that facilitates the entry of inhibin into the lumen, thereby decreasing sperm production. (D) It maintains a differential fluid composition of the epididymis tubule lumen that facilitates movement of sperm during emission. (E)It maintains a differential fluid composition of the epididymis tubule lumen that favors maintaining high concentrations of androgens in the lumen to facilitate sperm production.

9. What secretes an alkaline fluid containing fructose, enzymes, and prostaglandins into the ejaculatory duct? (A)seminal vesicle (B)prostate gland (C) bulbourethral gland (D) epididymis (E)Sertoli cell

10. Which nerves innervate the anterior thigh? (A)cranial nerves (B)cervical nerves (C) sacral nerves (D) thoracic nerves (E)lumbar nerves

11. You notice on your patient's complete blood count (CBC) that she has a very low basophil count. Which statement best describes this abnormal result? (A)This may be due to an acute allergic reaction. (B)This is a common side effect of rheumatoid arthritis. (C) The basophils may have been killed by a flu virus. (D) It can be an indication of a microbial infection. (E)Sickle cell anemia may have inhibited basophil production.

12. Platelets become sticky when exposed to which of the following? (A)von Willebrand factor (B)prostacyclin (C) fibrin (D) thrombin (E)serotonin

13. When a skeletal muscle is passively stretched, that cell has a tendency to spring back once the force that was stretching the muscle is removed due to (A)the passive interaction between actin and myosin (no energy required). (B)the active interaction between actin and myosin (energy required). (C) titin acting as a spring using the energy stored by the stretching. (D) actin and myosin acting as a spring using the energy stored by the stretching. (E)the elastic connective tissue that surrounds the muscle cells and fascicles.

14. Which of the following is NOT a specialization observed at the neuromuscular junction? (A)There is a high density of acetylcholine receptors in the motor end plate. (B)Every action potential that reaches the axon terminal of the motor neuron will generate an action potential in the healthy muscle fiber. (C) The motor end plate is relatively large compared with other synapses. (D) The terminal bouton fans out over a wide area of the sarcolemma. (E)Each muscle fiber is innervated by multiple motor neurons.

15. Which statement best describes the effect on the body due to pH changes either above or below the normal range? (A)Changes in pH can denature proteins that serve as enzymes and receptors throughout the body, resulting in widespread effects on the body. (B)Changes in pH out of the normal range are normal and will not have any detrimental effects on the body. (C) Changes in pH destroy the nephrons of the kidney, making kidney failure is inevitable. (D) Changes in pH can only lower pH causing acidosis, meaning organs deteriorate due to high levels of acid. (E)pH ranges vary throughout the body; therefore, blood pH has no detrimental effects on the body as it changes pH.

16. Which of the following does NOT cause coma? (A)a person with diabetes mellitus taking too much insulin causing hypoglycemia (B)a person with diabetes mellitus type 1 taking too little insulin causing hyperglycemia (C) a blood osmolarity greater than 350 mOsm (D) a blood glucose concentration greater than 600 mg/dL (E)a partial pressure of carbon dioxide of 40 mm Hg in arterial blood

17. What cell type deposits bone during remodeling? (A)osteoblasts (B)osteoclasts (C) chondrocytes (D) osteoids (E)osteocytes

18. In what state does the liver convert amino acids into fatty acids? (A)absorptive state only (B)postabsorptive state only (C) both the absorptive and postabsorptive states (D) neither the absorptive nor postabsorptive state (E)conversion state

19. In what state does the liver convert fatty acids to ketones? (A)absorptive state only (B)postabsorptive state only (C) both the absorptive and postabsorptive states (D) neither the absorptive nor postabsorptive state (E)conversion state

20. What is the portion of the enteric nervous system located within the muscularis mucosa called? (A)submucosal (Meissner's) plexus (B)lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscle (C) intrinsic nervous system (D) myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus (E)bulbous (Ruffini's) corpuscle