106年 - 106 iGeo_MMT國際奧林匹克競賽L#82307

1. In what country were these photographs taken?(A) Colombia (B) Chile (C) Uruguay (D) Venezuela

2. Built-up areas as seen in the picture are typically connected with: (A) urban sprawl (B) ethnic enclaves (C) downtown (D) counterurbanization

3. The structures shown in the image typically found in Galicia (Spain) are: (A) granaries (B) burial places (C) beehives (D) shrines

4. Which soil picture corresponds to the green area of this soil map?(A) soil picture A (B) soil picture B (C) soil picture C (D) soil picture D

5. Urban-rural country profiles of: Egypt, Kenya, Tunisia and Zambia (in alphabetic order). Which diagram corresponds to Kenya? (A) graph A (B) graph B(C) graph C (D) graph D

6. This phenomenon is a result of: (A) tsunami (B) tectonic uplift (C) coastal abrasion (D) strong spring tide

7. The table shows the storage and flow in the ecosystem of inorganic nutrients for savanna, temperate mixed forest, tropical desert and tropical rainforest. What is the name of ecoregion 3? (A) savannah (B) temperate mixed forest (C) tropical desert (D) tropical rainforest

8. The figure shows Ramadan fasting hours around the world for the first full day of Ramadan in 2017 and the Muslim population in 2010. Which bar represents Morocco? (A) letter A (B) letter B (C) letter C (D) letter D

9. What instrument played a key role in solving the ‘longitude problem’; the problem of finding longitude at sea before advanced GPS? (A) instrument A (B) instrument B (C) instrument C (D) instrument D

11. Which area is expected to have the highest population growth rate from 2015 to 2030? (A) Africa (B) Asia (C) Europe (D) Oceania

12. Which photo least illustrates the principles of ecotourism? (A) photo A (B) photo B (C) photo C (D) photo D

13. The figure shows value breakdown of average banana imported into the Republic of Ireland in 2013. What percentage is indicated with an X? (A) transport (B) retail (C) ripening (D) workers wages

14. Figure 4 shows the seismic waves registered for an earthquake event. The first wave was registered at 01:00:06. Identify the time that the first S-waves were registered. (A) 01:00:07 (B) 01:00:11 (C) 01:00:14 (D) 01:00:19

15. Combining maps of Madagascar: Where is the Betsiboka River located?(A) river a (B) river b (C) river c (D) river d

16. 4 maps on water, in alphabetic order: agricultural water use*, domestic water use*, industrial water use* and rainfall volume. Which map is showing domestic water use? (A) map A (B) map B (C) map C (D) map D

17. The satellite images show the rapid growth of … (A) data centres (B) irrigated agriculture (C) desalinisation factories (D) solar farms

18. This diagram shows world migration for which period? (A) 1945-1950 (B) 1960-1965 (C) 1990-1995 (D) 2005-2010

19. Which pattern is this map showing for Southern America? (A) elevation (B) mammal richness (C) agricultural production (D) annual rainfall

20. What should be the unit of the horizontal axis for all three graphs? (A) days before/after terrorist attack (B) weeks before/after terrorist attack (C) months before/after terrorist attack (D) years before/after terrorist attack

21. New Caledonia counts for about 25% of the world’s nickel resources. Which image is showing a nickel mine? (A) image A (B) image B (C) image C (D) image D

22. What is critically depicted by this cartoon? (A) deindustrialization (B) gentrification (C) urban blight (D) counter-urbanisation

23. Microscope images (so called thin sections) from 4 different types of rocks. Which image is showing a metamorphic rock? (A) image A (B) image B (C) image C (D) image D

24. On which island of the Aeolian Islands has this image been taken? (A) Alicudi (B) Salina (C) Stromboli (D) Vulcano

25. Pile-dwellings. For what primary purpose are these dwellings built on stilts? (A) 1 = protection against melting floods 2 = protection against seasonal floods (B) 1 = protection against melting floods 2 = protection against vermin (C) 1 = protection against soil subsidence 2 = protection against seasonal floods (D) 1 = protection against soil subsidence 2 = protection against vermin

26. What is this animated map showing? (A) one year of tweets (Twitter) stating the word iGeo (B) one day of a computer attack with ransomware (C) one month of human-induced earthquakes (D) one year of people getting infected by an influenza-virus

27. This population diagram shows the formation of a population chimney. What is depicted by the area shaded in blue (unit x)? (A) deaths due to civil war (B) deaths due to migration (C) deaths due to AIDS (D) deaths due to famine

28. What is the dominant factor in determining land use in both satellite images? (A) relief (B) soil fertility (C) micro-climate (D) politics

29. Four videos showing a religious ceremony. Which video shows a ceremony where Hindus pray for early monsoon rains? (A) video A (B) video B (C) video C (D) video D

30. Many cities in the northern hemisphere have poor east end districts. What can be considered to be a generalized reason for the concentration of poor groups always ending up in the east of these cities? (A) downstream location at major river which took city’s waste and smell eastward (B) later sunrise in the east compared to the western part of these cities (C) prevailing winds are westerlies, blowing pollution to the east (D) distribution of the urban heat island, which is eastward biased

31. What is depicted on the y-axis of this country-dot-animation? (A) Y = housing price index (1980 = 100) (B) Y = carbon emissions (CO2-equivalent tonnes per person) (C) Y = life expectancy (years) (D) Y = adult literacy rate (percentage)

32. The map is showing the earth continents … (A) … 0.1 million years from now (B) … 1 million years from now (C) … 10 million years from now (D) … 100 million years from now

33. Which image relates best to this dot-map? (A) image A (B) image B (C) image C (D) image D

34. Areas on this map are based on: (A) a physical geographical indicator (B) an economic indicator (C) a cultural indicator (D) a political indicator

35. A large part of sea ice of the Larsen C ice shelf broke off just some weeks ago. This created one of the largest icebergs ever, which will be melting for some years. How will global sea level change by melting of this giant iceberg? (A) (B) (C) no change of global sea level (D) decrease of global sea level increase of global sea level (cm/year) increase of global sea level (mm/year)

36. The red sky in the painting ‘The Scream’ by the Norwegian painter Edvard Munch (1893) is most likely related to: (A) northern lights (Aurora Borealis) (B) powerful volcanic eruption near the equator (C) extreme meteor shower (D) methane bubble released by melting permafrost

37. What is depicted by the black line (indicated by the arrow) on this 1888 map? (A) international date boundary (B) west-Pacific zone of subduction (C) route of explorer Abel Tasman (D) division line of major cultural areas

38. Which global pattern is shown on this map? (A) age of hotspot volcanoes (B) volume of volcanic ash (C) height of tsunamis (D) strength of tropical storms

40. Which city will be crossed if you take the shortest distance between Belgrade (Serbia, iGeo2017, place 1) and Quebec (Canada, iGeo2018, place 2)? (A) Stockholm (Sweden) (B) Liverpool (Great Britain) (C) Bordeaux (France) (D) Lisbon (Portugal)