108年 - [非官方正解]108政大風管系碩士班招考︰經濟學#99537

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)-經濟學 | 年份：108年 | 選擇題數：20 | 申論題數：10

試卷資訊

所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)-經濟學

選擇題 (20)

1. One would expect to observe diminishing marginal product of labor when (A) workers are discouraged about the lack of help from other workers. (B) crowded office space reduces the productivity of new workers. (C) union workers are told to reduce their work effort in preparation for a new round of collective bargaining talks. (D) only new workers are trained in using the most productive capital.
2. Comparing marginal revenue to marginal cost
 (i) reveals the contribution of the last unit of produetion to total profit.
 (ii) is helpful in making proft maximization production decisions.
(iii) always reveals whether a frm is making an economic profit.
(iv) tells a frm whether its fixed costs are too high. (A) (i) and (ii) only (B) (iii) only (C) (ii) and (ii) only (D) All of the above are correct.
3. The monopolist's proft-maximizing quantity of output is determined by the intersection of which of the following two curves? (A) marginal cost and demand (B) average cost and demand (C) marginal cost and marginal revenue (D) average cost and marginal revenue
4. One key difference between an oligopoly market and a competitive market is that (A) oligopolistic firms are interdependent while competitive firms are not. (B) oligopolistic firms sell completely unrelated products while competitive firms do not. (C) oligopolistic firms sell their product at a price equal to marginal cost while competitive firms do not. (D) oligopolistic frms are price takers while competitive firms are not.
5. When advertising encourages customers to become more informed about all frms in the market, (A) demand curves for specifc brands in the market are likely to become less elastic. (B) each firm is likely to have less market power. (C) frms are able to foster stronger brand loyalty. (D) the market power of individual frms is strengthened.
6. David faces choices between Apple and Banana. He feels that having five apples and three bananas (5,3) is not different from having four apples and six bananas (4,6). Which following statement(s) is (are) possibly correct if Ethan's indifierent curves are downward-sloping? (i) Ethan feels (4, 4.8) is as good as (5, 3). (ii) Ethan feels (6, 2) is as good as (4, 6). (A) (i) (B) (ii) (C)(i) and (ii) (D) None of the above is correct. TS
7. John and Ethan both work eight hours a day. In one day, John can make 4 cakes or 8 ice cream, whereas Ethan can make 2 cakes or 5 ice cream. Given this, which statement(s) is (are) correct?
 (i) Ethan has a lower opportunity cost in producing ice cream than John. 
(ii) John has an absolute advantage in producing both goods.
 (iii) It is not beneficial for John to trade with Ethan. (A) (i) and (ii) (B) (i) and (ii) (C) (ii) and (ii) (D)(i),(ii), and (iii)
8. Which following statement(s) is (are) correct? 
(i) A Giffen good is always an inferior good. 
(ii) A Giffen good is a good that its income effect is larger than its substitution effect. (A) (i) (B) (ii) (C) (i) and (ii) (D) None of the above is correct.

9. John, Ethan, and Mary decide to buy a bike together and share the ownership. There willingness to pay for each choice is in the following table60dd0cb1aa35e.jpg They will choose the bike that all three agree to buy.Which following statement(s) is(are) correct? 

(i) The bike will be a publie good among them.
(ii) If three people share the cost and all bikes have the same price, $1500, the choice that maximizes aggregate surplus will be chosen. (A) (i) (B) (ii) (C) (i) and (ii) (D) None of the above is correct.
10. Suppose Country A proposes to impose a tax on a good. One report from an economist argues that this tax will increase producers' before-tax total revenue and make the producers bear relatively more tax burden than consumers. Which following statement is correct for the good? (A) The price elasticity of demand is 1.8； the price elasticity of supply is 0.8. (B) The price elasticity of demand is O.9； the price elasticity of supply is 0.3. (C) The price elasticity of demand is 0.6； the price elasticity of supply is 1.4. (D) There is not enough information to answer the question.
11. In a certain economy, when income is $1000, consumer spending is $800, The value of the multiplier for this economy is 2.5. It follows that, when income is $1060, consurner spending is (A) $815. (B) $836. (C) $900. (D) $950. 
12. Which of the following is not a reason that paying eficiency wages may increase a frm's profit? (A) Efficiency wages increase worker health and therefore increase worker productivity. (B) Efficiency wages decrease worker turnover and therefore decrease hiring and training costs. (C) Efficiency wages decrease worker shirking and therefore increase worker productivity. (D) Eficiency wages are below the equilibrium wage rate but still attract high quality workers.
13. If the Federal Reserve accommodates an adverse supply shock, (A) infation expectations may rise which shifts the short-run Phillips curve shifts right. (B) infation expectations may rise which shifts the short-run Phillips curve shifts left. (C) infation expectations may fall which shifts the short-run Phillips curve shifts right. (D) infation expectations may fall which shifts the short-run Phillips curve shifts left.
14. If a local bank decides to convert some of its U.S. Treasury securities into cash, which it will hold in its vault, what impact will this have on the bank's balance sheet? (A) Reserves would increase, liabilities would stay the same, and owner's equity would decrease. (B) Reserves would increase, lhabilities would stay the same, and owner's equity would increase. (C) Reserves would decrease, liabilities would decrease, and owner's equity would decrease. (D) Reserves would decrease, liabilities would stay the same, and owner's equity would decrease.
15. Matilda just graduated from college. In order to devote all her efforts to college, she didn't hold a job. She is going to tour around the country on her motorcycle for a month before she starts looking for work. Other things the same, the unemployment rate (A) increases, and the labor-force participation rate decreases. (B) and the labor-force participation rate both increase. (C) increases, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected. (D) and the labor-force participation rate are both unaffected.
16. In an IS-LM model, if the governmentadopts a loose monetary policy and a tight fiscal policy simultaneously, (A) interest rate increases, while output stays the same. (B) interest rate stays the same, while output decrcases. (C) interest rate change is uncertain, while output increases. (D) interest rate decreases, while output changes is uncertain.
17. In a small open economy, a loose fiscal policy coupled with an increase in import tariff will cause domestic currency to (A) increase. (B) decrease. (C) remain the same. (D) change in an uncertain direction.
18. Assuming, in a two-period model, that the nominal wage rate increases from $10/hour to $15/hour； the expected price level increases from I to 3； and the actual price level increases from 4 to 5, we can deduce that (A) nominal wage rate decreases. (B) expected real wage rate increases. (C) actual real wage rate increases. (D) All of the above are correct. 

19. Suppose the objective function of a government is described by W(u,π) = (u + 5π2) where u is the unemployrent rate, and m is the infation rate, while the Phillips curve is described by 60dd0da76cd87.jpg is the expected in fation rate, and u is the natural rate of unemployment. Which of the following infation rate is a credible promise that the government can make? (A) 0% (B) 2% (C)5% (D) 10%
20. If the central bank announces a decrease in money supply while keeping the actual money supply unchanged, the rational expectations theory would predict (A) both output and price remain unchanged. (B) output increases, while price decreases. (C) output decreases, while price increases. (D) output remains unchanged, while price decreases. 

申論題 (10)

(A) (5 points) Calculate the tariff imposed by the country.
(B) (5 points) Calculate the tariff revenue.
(C) (5 points) Calculate the consunption distortion loss.
(D) (5 points) Calculate the production distortion loss.
(A) (15 points) Suppose scientists fnd that the scent of this specific kind of follower can cure mental disorders. Hence, for each unit of the quantity demanded brings $80 external benefit. Assume the world price pw is $60 and is not affected I by Country A's policies. Considering this external beneft, should Country A export or import how many units of this good? Please draw a graph and label all relevant points. Also, please show your calculation.
(B) (5 points) How can the government deal with the issue of the external benefit that is described above? Please clearly explain your answer.
(A)(8 points) If the consumer price index in 2017 was 125, then how much did a magazine cost in 2017?
(B) (12 points) Suppose that consumers bought 30 sandwiches and 25 magazines in 2017. What was the growth rate of nominal GDP between 2016 and 2017? What was the growth rate of real GDP between 2016 and 2017? What was the GDP defator in 2017?
(A) (10 points) Derive the equilibrium output level Y* when the goods market and the money market are in equilibrium simultaneously.
(B) (10 points) Discuss how Y* is related to nominal money supply, and how this relationship is affected by h.