(4) Please analyze the following paragraph by the concepts of management theories. What managerial implications might be obtained from the Social Capital perspective? (25 分) Although most studies have pointed out the trade-off between environmental and industrial competitiveness, they have neglected to discuss the role of emerging countries and their impact on triggering green innovation on the global market. Given the limitation of country-specific resources, there is an increasing interest in studying collaborative green innovation in emerging countries. While companies in developed countries use innovations to command price premiums for green products and open up new market segments, the companies in emerging countries play important roles as major manufacturers in the international markets. As parts of supply chains, emerging countries have many opportunities, but they also face substantial environmental burdens, which may erode their global competitiveness. For example, Country-A is a well-known electronic and information technology manufacturer. Country-A's companies have produced many electronic products for multinational organizations and collaborated with developed countries in order to meet environmental requirements. The environmental improvements of operations, however, come at additional costs imposed on thesc companies. With the relative scarcity of resources and the increased pressures for environmental sustainability, how to build corporate capacities from environmental collaborations with developed countries becomes of primary concern to Country-A's companies.
(Source: Chen, P.- C. and Hung, S.-W. (2014), "Collaborative green innovation in emerging countries: a social capital perspective", International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 34 No. 3, pp. 347-363.)
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