113年 - [無官方正解]113 國立臺北大學_日間學士班轉學生招生考試試題_應用外語學系日間學士班2、3年級：進階英文#147505

科目：【阿摩】未分類題庫 | 年份：113年 | 選擇題數：40 | 申論題數：0

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所屬科目：【阿摩】未分類題庫

選擇題 (40)

1. For the sake of __, we must preserve the natural environment for future generations.

(A) prosperity

(B) posterity

(C) poverty

(D) proprietary
2. A town near Mount Fuji has devised a __ measure to combat the problem of overtourism.

(A) modest

(B) negligible

(C) minor

(D) drastic
3. After the hurricane, the coastal town was __ with floodwaters from the storm surge.

(A) saturated

(B) drenched

(C) inundated

(D) soaked
4. Hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19 are __ despite periodic surges in COVID-19 infections.

(A) growing

(B) stagnant

(C) decreasing

(D) steady
5. A total solar eclipse happens when the moon __ the face of the sun from view.

(A) covers

(B) enhances

(C) illuminates

(D) obscures
6. Many species of owls are __ hunters, actively seeking prey at night.

(A) crepuscular

(B) matutinal

(C) nocturnal

(D) diurnal
7. The United Nations has __ a stark warning to consumers worldwide.

(A) provided

(B) published

(C) delivered

(D) issued
8. Artificial light affects an insect's ability to find a mate or defend itself against a __.

(A) predator

(B) scavenger

(C) underdog

(D) target
9. The light from bug zappers __ bugs to their death.

(A) enthrall

(B) entertain

(C) escort

(D) entice
10. The ant's painful and __ sting can cause severe allergic reactions in humans.

(A) innocuous

(B) venomous

(C) incredulous

(D) dubious

Part II. Choose the underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct. (20%)
11. Scientists said "ancient viruses (A) up to a million years old" would be the most (B) terrified because they are (C) unknown and we have never (D) encountered them before.
12. Despite initial doubts from her family, Sarah took to (A) learning the intricate art of glassblowing with incredible passion and determination, (B) spending countless hours (C) perfecting her technique until her delicate creations became highly sought after by collectors (D) in the world.
13. Though the (A) experienced mountain climber was tempted to push forward in spite of the (B) worsened blizzard conditions, the (C) ingrained safety protocols eventually led them to (D) turn back before reaching the summit.
14. Just when demographers are (A) ringing alarm bells about overpopulation, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos says we need to (B) populate our solar system and he envisions our planet (C) returns to its untouched environment, as factories would be built (D) in space.
15. Radioactive wild boars (A) have been roaming the forests of Germany (B) for decades. Scientists attribute the reason to their (C) consuming of truffle mushrooms that (D) accumulate radioactive particles.
16. Microplastics are (A) so prevalent that they (B) make up 39 per cent of dust particles (C) at our homes, which, scientists say, are near-impossible (D) to remove from the body.
17. The trend to (A) manufacture ever smaller products and devices has seen (B) pocket-size computers, mobile phones and motorbikes the size of a backpack. The (C) latest thing to be downsized is a miniature handbag that is so small it can only be seen (D) with the aid of a microscope.
18. In February 2024, a (A) preliminary National Transportation Safety Board investigation (B) found that the plane (C) left a Boeing factory (D) misses the four bolts needed to secure the door plug.
19. A day after OpenAI (A) impresses with a startlingly improved ChatGPT AI model, Google (B) showed off an equally (C) stunning vision for how AI will improve the products that (D) billions of people use every day.
20. Walmart is (A) eliminating several hundred corporate jobs, (B) relocating most of its (C) remaining remote office staff (D) at its Bentonville, Arkansas, headquarters.


Part III. Cloze: Choose the most appropriate answer from the four options given. (20%)

Marine biologists have unearthed a 21 coral reef off the coast of Tahiti in the South Pacific. The 3km-long reef lies at a depth of 30 metres. The scientists believe the 22 of corals and ocean vegetation contains previously undiscovered marine species. Deep-sea diver Alexis Rosenfeld said he was stunned when he 23 the reef. He wrote: "It was magical to witness giant, beautiful rose corals which stretch for as far as the eye can see. It was like a work of art."

Scientists say the location of the Tahiti reef means it is in pristine condition. Most of the world's reefs are in warmer waters. This makes them 24 to the bleaching effects of global warming. Tahiti's reef is deep enough to protect it from bleaching. There is still sufficient sunlight at 30 metres for coral to grow and reproduce. UNESCO said: "We think that deeper reefs may be better protected from global warming." It believes the Tahiti reef is "one of the most extensive healthy coral reefs on record". It added that more mapping of the deep ocean needs to be 25.
21. (A) vibrant

(B) mundane

(C) thriving

(D) spectacular
22. (A) collection

(B) variety

(C) array

(D) assortment
23. (A) stumbled upon

(B) came across

(C) took on

(D) looked into
24. (A) resistant

(B) immune

(C) indifferent

(D) prone
25. (A) undertaken

(B) forsaken

(C) overseen

(D) withdrawn

Think about the places 26 to climate change, and you might picture rice paddies in Bangladesh or low-lying islands in the Pacific. But another more surprising answer ought to be your own house. About a tenth of the world's 27 property by value is under threat from global warming including many houses that are nowhere near the coast. From tornadoes 28 midwestern American suburbs to tennis-ball-size hailstones smashing the roofs of Italian villas, the severe weather brought about by greenhouse gas emissions is shaking the foundations of the world's most important asset class.

The potential costs 29 from policies designed to reduce the emissions of houses as well as from climate-related damage. They are enormous. By one 30, climate change and the fight against it could wipe out 9% of the value of the world's housing by 2050-which amounts to $25trn, not much less than America's annual GDP. It is a huge bill hanging over people's lives and the global financial system. And it looks destined to trigger an almighty fight over who should pay up.
26. (A) sustainable

(B) vulnerable

(C) habitable

(D) sustainable
27. (A) essential

(B) influential

(C) substantial

(D) residential
28. (A) battering

(B) incorporating

(C) implementing

(D) investigating
29. (A) separate

(B) suffer

(C) stem

(D) stand
30. (A) extrapolation

(B) endorsement

(C) exemplification

(D) estimate

Part IV. Article Completion (20%)

Read the passage. For questions 31-35, choose the most appropriate answer from the given sentence choices (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) below.

A Plastic Ocean is a film to make you think. Think, and then act. We need to take action on our dependence on plastic. We've been producing plastic in huge quantities since the 1940s. Drink bottles, shopping bags, toiletries and even clothes are made with plastic. 31. What happens to all the rest? This is the question the film A Plastic Ocean answers. It is a documentary that looks at the impact that plastic waste has on the environment. Spoiler alert: the impact is devastating.



The film begins as a journey to film the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale. But during the journey the filmmakers (journalist Craig Leeson and environmental activist Tanya Streeter) make the shocking discovery of a huge, thick layer of plastic floating in the middle of the Indian Ocean. 32. In total, they visited 20 locations around the world during the four years it took them to make the film. The documentary premiered in 2016, and is now on streaming services such as Netflix.

It's very clear that a lot of research went into the film. There are beautiful shots of the seas and marine life. 33. We see how marine species are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping in the ocean. The message about our use of plastic is painfully obvious.

34. In the second half, the filmmakers look at what we can do to reverse the tide of plastic flowing around the world. They present short-term and long-term solutions. These include avoiding plastic containers and 'single-use' plastic products as much as possible. Reuse your plastic bags and recycle as much as you can. The filmmakers also stress the need for governments to work more on recycling programs, and look at how technology is developing that can convert plastic into fuel.

We make a staggering amount of plastic. In terms of plastic bags alone, we use five hundred billion worldwide annually. Over 300 million tons of plastic are produced every year, and at least 8 million of those are dumped into the oceans. 35. Once you've seen A Plastic Ocean, you'll realize the time is now and we all have a role to play.

(A) This prompts them to travel around the world to look at other areas that have been affected.
(B) But the film doesn't only present the negative side.
(C) The results are disastrous, but it isn't too late to change.
(D) We live in a world full of plastic, and only a small proportion is recycled.
(E) These are contrasted with scenes of polluted cities and dumps full of plastic rubbish.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
Part V. Reading Comprehension: Read the following passages and choose the best answer to each question. (20%) Questions 36-40

Thanks to the field of linguistics we know much about the development of the 5,000 plus languages in existence today. We can describe their grammar and pronunciation and see how their spoken and written forms have changed over time. For example, we understand the origins of the Indo-European group of languages, which includes Norwegian, Hindi and English, and can trace them back to tribes in eastern Europe in about 3000 BC.

So, we have mapped out a great deal of the history of language, but there are still areas we know little about. Experts are beginning to look to the field of evolutionary biology to find out how the human species developed to be able to use language. So far, there are far more questions and half-theories than answers.

We know that human language is far more complex than that of even our nearest and most intelligent relatives like chimpanzees. We can express complex thoughts, convey subtle emotions and communicate about abstract concepts such as past and future. And we do this following a set of structural rules, known as grammar. Do only humans use an innate system of rules to govern the order of words? Perhaps not, as some research may suggest dolphins share this capability because they are able to recognize when these rules are broken.

If we want to know where our capability for complex language came from, we need to look at how our brains are different from other animals. This relates to more than just brain size; it is important what other things our brains can do and when and why they evolved that way. And for this there are very few physical clues; artefacts left by our ancestors don't tell us what speech they were capable of making. One thing we can see in the remains of early humans, however, is the development of the mouth, throat and tongue. By about 100,000 years ago, humans had evolved the ability to create complex sounds. Before that, evolutionary biologists can only guess whether or not early humans communicated using more basic sounds.



Another question is, what is it about human brains that allowed language to evolve in a way that it did not in other primates? At some point, our brains became able to make our mouths produce vowel and consonant sounds, and we developed the capacity to invent words to name things around us. These were the basic ingredients for complex language. The next change would have been to put those words into sentences, similar to the 'protolanguage' children use when they first learn to speak. No one knows if the next step – adding grammar to signal past, present and future, for example, or plurals and relative clauses – required a further development in the human brain or was simply a response to our increasingly civilized way of living together.

Between 100,000 and 50,000 years ago, though, we start to see the evidence of early human civilization, through cave paintings for example; no one knows the connection between this and language. Brains didn't suddenly get bigger, yet humans did become more complex and more intelligent. Was it using language that caused their brains to develop? Or did their more complex brains start producing language?

More questions lie in looking at the influence of genetics on brain and language development. Are there genes that mutated and gave us language ability? Researchers have found a gene mutation that occurred between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago, which seems to have a connection with speaking and how our brains control our mouths and face. Monkeys have a similar gene, but it did not undergo this mutation. It's too early to say how much influence genes have on language, but one day the answers might be found in our DNA.
36. According to the article, what does the field of linguistics allow us to understand about languages?

(A)Rules governing language acquisition in children.
(B) The genetic basis of language development.
(C) How the human brain processes language.
(D) Their origins and evolution over time.
37. What physical evidence suggests humans evolved complex language abilities around 100,000 years ago?

(A)Brain size increases in early human remains.
(B) Development of the mouth, throat and tongue.
(C) Archaeological artifacts like cave paintings.
(D) Fossilized vocal cords capable of speech.
38. What is one question raised about the relationship between brain complexity and language?

(A)Did language development drive brain evolution or vice versa?
(B) Do only humans have the brain capacity for complex language?
(C) Are there specific language processing centers in the brain?
(D) How did brain size impact the emergence of grammar?
39. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an unanswered question in the passage?

(A) What allowed language to evolve uniquely in humans vs other primates?
(B) How did the complexity of language change over human evolution?
(C) What cognitive processes are involved in language use?
(D) What is the genetic basis and evidence for the evolution of language?
40. What is the significance of cave paintings in relation to language development?

(A) They depict early forms of written language.
(B) They indicate an increase in brain size.
(C) They provide evidence of grammar usage.
(D) They suggest a connection to early human civilization.

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