115年 - 115 關務特種考試_三等_財稅行政、關稅法務（選試日文）：外國文（日文兼試基礎英文）#138994

1 The negotiations between the two countries reached a _______ when neither side was willing to compromise on the disputed territory. (A) consensus (B) breakthrough (C) stalemate (D) transition

2 Researchers have found that prolonged exposure to air pollution can _______ existing respiratory conditions such as asthma. (A) diagnose (B) aggravate (C) anticipate (D) substitute

3 The journalist was praised for her _______ reporting on corruption within the local government, which led to several arrests. (A) superficial (B) biased (C) anonymous (D) thorough

4 Rather than confronting the issue directly, the spokesperson gave a series of _______ answers that left reporters frustrated. (A) candid (B) elaborate (C) evasive (D) definitive

5 The once-thriving factory district has been _______ into a vibrant arts neighborhood with galleries, studios, and cafes. (A) demolished (B) transformed (C) isolated (D) neglected

6 (A) accelerates (B) expedites (C) ignores (D) restricts

7 (A) had experienced (B) to experience (C) that have experienced (D) should experience

8 (A) as well as (B) but for (C) without (D) regardless of

9 (A) are (B) get (C) use (D) make

10 (A) so (B) thus (C) whether (D) while 

11 Which statement best captures how the term “ghetto” has evolved in Denmark over the past decade? (A) It has shifted from a historical reference to Jewish quarters to a neutral demographic label. (B) It has come to connote any area characterized by high levels of crime, alcoholism, and drug dealing. (C) It has been largely abandoned in favor of more socially and economically correct classifications of neighborhoods. (D) It has moved from a technical policy label to a politically charged concept shaping debates on belonging.

12 In the description of “parallel societies,” what is implied about how politicians view these communities? (A) They consider them self-contained groups that do not fully participate in dominant society. (B) They see them as culturally enriching enclaves that should remain separate so as to preserve their distinction. (C) They regard them as temporary settlements that will eventually disappear with economic growth. (D) They believe they are indistinguishable from the rest of Danish urban life, which is gradually becoming culturally diverse.

13 Which feature of the “ghetto list” most clearly shows that it is tied to concerns about integration rather than only to crime control? (A) Its focus on public housing areas with more than 1,000 residents. (B) Its emphasis on unemployment and crime rates being above the national average. (C) Its use of income and education levels with residents’ non-Western background. (D) Its role in guiding the demolition of old apartment blocks for redevelopment.

14 What does the government’s decision in 2021 to replace “ghettomrader” with “parallelsamfoundsomrader” suggest about its approach to these neighborhoods? (A) It acknowledges that earlier criteria were unfair and must be relaxed. (B) It prioritizes changing perceptions over altering underlying policies. (C) It intends to remove all negative associations with state intervention. (D) It marks a fundamental shift toward greater local autonomy.

15 Which of the following statements about the “ghetto list” and related policies is NOT correct according to the passage? (A) Areas on the list are public housing neighborhoods with over 1,000 residents and above-average unemployment and crime. (B) The government uses the list to justify interventions such as demolishing buildings and rehousing long-term residents. (C) After the official term was changed in 2021, both the criteria and the policies affecting these areas were fundamentally revised. (D) The label “ghetto” has mostly come to function as a shorthand for failed integration in public debate in Denmark.

(一)ユニバーサルデザインの基本思想は、多様な人々の違いを認め、尊 重し合いながら、誰もがより暮らしやすい環境をつくることにあ る。具体例として、視覚的にわかりやすい案内表示や、ノンステッ プの車両（自動車・鉄道）を挙げることができる。これらは、障害 者に限らず誰でも簡単に利用できるよう工夫されている。また、段 差のない入口や広い通路はベビーカーを押す親に、明瞭な表示や音 声ガイダンスは時間に追われるビジネスパーソンにも役立つ。この ようにユニバーサルデザインは、誰にとっても便利で快適な価値を 生み出すものといえる。

(二) 密輸にあたっては、航空機の旅客がそのまま持ち込むケースに加 え、税関での発見を逃れるため、さまざまな貨物といっしょに持ち 込まれることが多く、そのほとんどが「何かしらの荷物のなかに隠 す」というものになっている。例えば、イギリスから航空貨物で来 た覚醒剤は衣類に染み込ませてあったほか、ブラジルから航空機で 来た乗客は、コカインのカプセルを飲み込んだり、体内に入れるな どしてしのばせていた。このほか、スーツケースや額縁、水道の蛇 口や電子機器の内部に隠す方法もある。

(一)「預先確認委任」制度係指民眾網購境外貨物後，先由報關業者透過 APP 推播貨物資訊予民眾，經民眾確認與實際購買之貨物相符並完成線上委任後，再由報關業者辦理後續報關程序，以防杜不肖人士盜用民眾個資，冒名進口違禁物品或詐騙包裹，損害民眾權益。

(二)研究指出，不同居住狀況的高齡者對科技介入的需求和偏好存在差異。非獨居長者最需要的科技介入包括家事服務、唱歌跳舞、安全性和健康性監測，以及聊天功能。這表示非獨居長者更關注實際的家庭 和健康支持，同時也喜歡與科技互動。相反，獨居長者更傾向於使用科技進行陪伴，他們的首選順序是聊天、唱歌跳舞、家事服務、安全性和健康性監測。