複選題

18.Select the CORRECT statements.
(A) Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death.
(B) Necrosis is the process of programmed cell death.
(C) Necroptosis is the process of programmed cell death.
(D) Autophagy is caspase-dependent.
(E) TUNEL assay is for apoptosis detection.

複選題14.Select the CORRECT statements. (A) Mitochondria can generate the chemical energy (ATP) source for cells. (B) Mitochondria contain their own genome. (C) Mitochondria can store calcium for cell homeostasis of calcium. (D) Mitochondria process glycolysis. (E) Mitochondria cristae are derived from the folding of outer membrane.

複選題15. Which of the following is/are tumor suppressor genes. (A) Rb (B) Мус (C) p21 (D) Jun (E) EGFR

複選題16.Select the CORRECT statements. (A) Golgi apparatus processes protein glycosylation. (B) Proteins are synthesized at Golgi and then fused with ER. (C) Trans Golgi can package proteins into vesicles destined to lysosome. (D) Antibody containing vesicles are predominant in B cells. (E) Mitochondria contain signal membrane.

複選題17.Select the FALSE statements. (A) During interphase, for chromosome segregation. (B) GO is resting phase. (C) During S phase, nuclear DNA contents are duplicated. (D) Cyclin A and Cdc2 can be used as markers for G1/S. (E) p16 is a cell proliferation marker

複選題19.Select the CORRECT statements. (A) Epigenetic trait means the changes in DNA sequences. (B) Nucleosome is the DNA wrapped around eight histones (H2A, H2B, H3, H4) (C) Histone H3 can be methylated at serine. (D) Histone H3 can be acetylated at threonine. (E) An imbalance in the equilibrium of histone acetylation is associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression.

複選題20. Select the FALSE statements. (A) Ligands bind to membrane receptors to activate downstream signaling. (B) Steroid hormone is a lipid-soluble molecule, and can cross the plasma membrane to reach nuclear receptor. (C) Her2/neu is a ligand and also an oncogene. (D) The mutated EGFR can constitutively activate the downstream signaling. (E) In case of Wnt signaling, beta-catenin phosphorylation is for survival.

21. Which of the following is NOT a component of a ribonucleotide? (A) Glucose (B) Ribose (C) Uracil (D) Thymine (E) Adenine

22. Which of the following modifications found on amino acids is also used to modify nucleic acids? (A) Phosphorylation (B) Glycosylation (C) Methylation (D) Acetylation (E) Hydroxylation

複選題23. Which of the following describe an instance in which weak chemical bonds are useful in biological systems? (A) The bonding of antibodies to the antigens they recognize (B) Folding of proteins into their active conformation (C) Stabilization of DNA double-stranded helices (D) Formation of polypeptide chains through amide bond (E) A gecko's ability to climb surfaces such as glass

24. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the DNA helix proposed by Watson and Crick? (A) Double-stranded (B) Right-handed (C) Antiparallel (D) Complementary base pairing (E) Two grooves of equal dimensions