複選題
38 在服從的電擊實驗研究中，當 Stanley Milgram 把「執行電擊的老師和接受電擊的學生」的距離縮得更近， 讓老師可以清楚地看到學生時，老師執行電擊命令的程度會因而：
(A)減少
(B)增加
(C)不變
(D)減少或不變

出處：
Gerrig, R. J. (2013). Psychology and Life: Pearson.

Chapter 16 Social Psychology,p459.
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可能題目沒出的完整，原始實驗看的是比較受試者在不同情境條件下

給予「最高伏特」的比率，而題目問的是「 執行電極命令」的程度， 

目前已知在近距離受試者給予最高伏特的比率相比其他條件的確是下降的，

但若是「執行命令」的比率，這個變項的操作定義以及相關數據可能要看下原始文獻。

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原文： 
Milgram and other researchers manipulated a number of aspects of the

experimental circumstances to demonstrate that the obedience effect

is overwhelmingly due to situational variables and not personality variables.

For example, Figure 16.4 shows how  the proximity of the learner changed the

probability that the participant would administer shocks all the way to the 450-volt limit.

As the distance was reduced, obedience was also reduced. 

These findings all point to the idea that the situation,

and not differences among individual participants, largely controlled behavior.