1. The Kepler's second law of planetary motion is that the line joining the sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times. Which one of the following principles is the fundamental of the Kepler's second law?
(A) second law of thermal dynamics
(B) Hooke's law
(C) conservation of energy
(D) conservation of linear momentum
(E) conservation of angular momentum

2. A ring of mass M and radius R is shown in the right. What is the moment of inertia along the x-axis? (A) πMR² (B)(C) 2MR² (D) MR² (E)

3. The position of a block attached to a string oscillates as x(t) = x₀ cos(ωt), where x₀ is the amplitude, ω is the angular frequency, and t is time. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the block is also a periodic function of time. What is the period of the kinetic energy? (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)

4. A wire is stretched from L to L + ΔL. The Young's modulus of the wire is Y and the density of the wire is ρ. What is the speed of a transverse wave propagated through the wire? (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)

5. The Temperature(T)-Entropy(S) diagram of the Carnot cycle is shown in the right figure (solid line). What area in the T-S diagram represents the work done by the system in each cycle? (A) α (B) β (C) γ (D) α + β (E) β + γ

6. A charge q sits at the back corner of a cube, as shown. The length of the edge of the cube is L and the permittivity constant is ε₀. What is the flux of electric field E through the shaded surface of the figure? (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)

7. The pattern of capacitors of equal value C shown in the right figure is repeated indefinitely. What is the effective capacitance between the terminals A and B? (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)

8. As shown, a charge particle q is inject into a space with uniform electric field E = E₀ x, where E₀ is the absolute value of the electric field and x is the unit vector along the x-axis. The initial velocity of the particle is v = v₀y, where y is the unit vector along the y-axis. A magnetic field B is applied into the same space to maintain the velocity of the particle. Which one of the following fields is the correct one? (A) B =(B) B = (C) B =(D) B =(E) B =

9. A long, straight wire carries a constant current I. A metal rod of length L moves at velocity v relative to the wire, as shown. The distance between the wire and rod is d. What is the potential difference between the ends of the rod? (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)

10. A light source emits a light wave with frequency ∫₀ to an observer. At the same time, the observer moves toward the light source with speed v = 1/2 c, where c is the speed of light. What is the frequency observed by the observer? (A) (B)(C) f₀ (D)(E)

複選題11. Consider an ideal gas system. Which ones of the following physical quantities are "state variables"? (A) internal energy (B) volume (C) entropy (D) temperature (E) pressure

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