10 Mexico's capital is a metropolis with more than 20 million people, the elite _____ are at the center of the business,
political and cultural hub of the nation.
(A) of which
(B) which
(C) where
(D) to which
統計: A(357), B(237), C(156), D(36), E(0) #2910780
詳解 (共 8 筆)
metropolis首都
這題英文文法題正確答案是 **(A) of which**,來看解析:
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### ? 題目句子:
> Mexico's capital is a metropolis with more than 20 million people, **the elite \_\_\_\_\_ are at the center of the business, political and cultural hub of the nation.**
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### ? 解題關鍵:
句子意思為:
> 墨西哥的首都是一個有兩千多萬人口的大都市,**其菁英份子位於全國商業、政治與文化重心的中心。**
這是一個 **非限定用法的關係子句**,修飾「Mexico’s capital」或更準確說,是補充說明「這座城市中的菁英」。
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### ✨ 為什麼選 **A. of which**?
* **of which** 是一個關係代名詞結構,用來表達 **某物的一部分屬於前面那個名詞**。
* 套用進句子就是:
> Mexico's capital is a metropolis with more than 20 million people, **the elite *of which* are at the center of...**
\= 菁英是這個城市的一部分。
✅ 結構正確:
* 主詞:the elite
* 動詞:are
* 「of which」= whose,屬於前面那個「Mexico's capital」的。
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### ? 為什麼其他選項錯?
* **(B) which**:缺介詞,句子會變成不通順的:
> ...the elite which are at the center...(不合文法)
* **(C) where**:不適合修飾 "the elite",且語意不通。
* **(D) to which**:表示方向或目的地,也不適用這裡。
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### ✅ 正確句子:
> Mexico's capital is a metropolis with more than 20 million people, **the elite of which** are at the center of the business, political and cultural hub of the nation.
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## ? 非限定用法(Non-restrictive clause)是什麼?
### ?定義:
非限定用法是**補充說明**,提供**額外資訊**,**不是必要資訊**,**不影響句子主幹意思**。
這類子句通常用 **逗號** 和主句隔開。
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## ✅ 舉例比較(定義 vs 非限定)
### 1️⃣ **限定用法(Restrictive)**
> The students **who study hard** will pass the exam.
> → 只有那些「認真讀書的學生」會通過考試,這句話的子句是「必要資訊」,不能省略。
### 2️⃣ **非限定用法(Non-restrictive)**
> The students, **who study hard**, will pass the exam.
> → 指「所有學生」,補充說明他們很認真,**這句話就算拿掉子句,主句也成立**(→The students will pass the exam.)
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## ? 特徵整理
| 特徵 | 限定用法 | 非限定用法 |
| ------------------ | -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| 是否重要資訊 | 是,不能省略 | 否,只是補充說明 |
| 是否加逗號 | ❌ 不加 | ✅ **加逗號** |
| 使用關係代名詞是否可用 "that" | ✅ 可以 | ❌ 不可以使用 "that" |
| 範例 | The boy **who is tall** is my brother. | Tom, **who is tall**, is my brother. |
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## ? 回到你剛剛那題
> Mexico's capital is a metropolis with more than 20 million people, **the elite of which are at the center of...**
這裡的「the elite of which」是**補充說明墨西哥市的人口組成**,不是句子必要核心,所以:
✅ **非限定用法**
✅ **加逗號隔開**
✅ **不能用 that / which,必須用 like "of which"**
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