10. New technology that seeks to improve and automate the delivery and use of financial services is: (A) PayPal (B) Fintech (C) Hackathon (D) Telethon Part II : Please read the following paragraph and find the best answer to Questions 11 to 15. (3% for each question) Had Americans become litigious, particularly after the Second World War? Some facts and figures show an increase in litigation rates: certain kinds of cases had increased rapidly in the latter half of the last century, while others were in decline. Changes in the law can affect litigation rates and account for the discrepancy. For instance, title insurance and other factors have made cases about land ownership less common. Federal deposit insurance and other measures that stabilize money and banking have all but eliminated whole classes of cases that once clogged the courts. Federal litigation rates have risen dramatically in the course of the century. Civil rights laws give people chances to litigate questions they could not have gone to court with before. However, we should not focus solely on the sheer numbers. The discussion often drowns out voices that express the opposite complaint: the system is too expensive, too formal, and too biased to serve the interests of ordinary people—like (blank), rotten, fishy, and usually only the rich can afford it. This idea spurred the creation of a legal services component in Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty and fueled the movement for alternative dispute resolution, or ADR.

15. Which of the following is not one type of alternative dispute resolution (ADR)? (A) Mediation (B) Arbitration (C) Tribunal (D) Negotiation Part III : Please read the following paragraphs and find the best answer to Questions 16 to 20. (3% for each question) In 2023, the United Kingdom's highest court found that Rwanda is not a safe third country for the government to send asylum seekers. In a unanimous judgment, the Supreme Court agreed with the Court of Appeal that there are substantial grounds for believing that asylum seekers removed to Rwanda would face a real risk of being returned to their home country where they could face illtreatment, known as refoulement. This would put the UK in breach of its obligations of nonrefoulement under international and domestic law. Regarding the UK's obligations under international law, the Court states that: "Under international law, states have the right to control the entry, residence and expulsion of aliens, and to counter attempts to circumvent immigration restrictions, subject to their treaty obligations and to any relevant principles of customary international law. One limitation of the right to expel aliens is the principle of nonrefoulement, which is enshrined in several international treaties which the United Kingdom has ratified. As will appear, the term bears slightly different meanings in different contexts. The Refugee Convention, which has 146 states parties including the United Kingdom, provides in article 33(1) [...] The United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment of 1984 ("UNCAT"), which has 173 states parties including the United Kingdom, provides in article 3(1) [...] The United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 1966 ("ICCPR"), also with 173 states parties including the United Kingdom, is interpreted by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which monitors implementation of the Covenant, as imposing a similar obligation [...]. It may be that the principle of nonrefoulement also forms part of customary international law.[...]"

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